Alaska, located in the far northwest corner of North America, is known as “The Last Frontier” due to its rugged and remote wilderness. Despite being the largest U.S. state by area, Alaska has a small population of about 733,000. Juneau is the state capital, but Anchorage, known for its proximity to wilderness areas, is the largest city.
10 Largest Cities in Alaska
1. Anchorage (Alaska)
City Facts
- County: Anchorage Municipality (equivalent to county)
- Area: 1,944.7 square miles
- Population: 291,247 (2023 estimate)
- Area Codes: 907
- ZIP Codes: 99501-99529
- Latitude/Longitude: 61.2181° N, 149.9003° W
Location and History
Anchorage, Alaska’s largest city, is located in the south-central part of the state, near the Cook Inlet. Founded in 1914 as a railroad construction port for the Alaska Railroad, Anchorage rapidly expanded during World War II when it became a major military hub. The discovery of oil in nearby areas like Prudhoe Bay in the 1960s further boosted its economy. Anchorage has since grown into the economic and cultural center of Alaska, serving as the main hub for transportation, commerce, and government operations. Its location provides stunning views of the surrounding mountains and glaciers, while also being a gateway for wilderness exploration.
Major Landmarks
- Anchorage Museum: The largest museum in Alaska, featuring exhibits on history, art, and science.
- Alaska Native Heritage Center: A cultural institution highlighting the traditions and history of Alaska’s Native peoples.
- Tony Knowles Coastal Trail: An 11-mile scenic trail that runs along the coastline, offering views of wildlife and the cityscape.
- Flattop Mountain: The most hiked mountain in Alaska, offering panoramic views of Anchorage and its surroundings.
- Earthquake Park: A memorial site dedicated to the devastating 1964 earthquake that reshaped the city’s landscape.
Major Highways
Anchorage is a transportation hub with several key highways connecting it to the rest of the state. The Seward Highway (Alaska Route 1) runs south to the Kenai Peninsula, connecting Anchorage to popular destinations like Seward and Homer. The Glenn Highway (Alaska Route 1) heads north, providing access to Palmer, Wasilla, and Fairbanks. The Parks Highway (Alaska Route 3) runs northwest toward Denali National Park and Fairbanks, while the Sterling Highway branches off from the Seward Highway, offering another route through the Kenai Peninsula.
2. Fairbanks (Alaska)
City Facts
- County: Fairbanks North Star Borough
- Area: 32.5 square miles
- Population: 32,702 (2023 estimate)
- Area Codes: 907
- ZIP Codes: 99701-99712
- Latitude/Longitude: 64.8378° N, 147.7164° W
Location and History
Fairbanks is located in the interior of Alaska, along the banks of the Chena River, and is the largest city in the region. Founded in 1901 during the Alaska gold rush, Fairbanks quickly became a bustling center for miners and traders. Its growth was further fueled by its strategic location, becoming a supply hub for the interior. During World War II, the establishment of military bases nearby solidified its role as a major center in Alaska. Today, Fairbanks is an educational and cultural center, home to the University of Alaska Fairbanks and known for its proximity to the Arctic wilderness and the Northern Lights.
Major Landmarks
- University of Alaska Museum of the North: Features exhibits on Alaska’s cultural and natural history.
- Pioneer Park: A historical theme park with museums, restored buildings, and a nod to Fairbanks’ gold rush past.
- Chena Hot Springs: A geothermal resort located about 60 miles from the city, known for its hot springs and aurora borealis views.
- Creamer’s Field Migratory Waterfowl Refuge: A sanctuary for migratory birds and a popular spot for wildlife viewing.
- Aurora Ice Museum: A unique museum built entirely of ice, featuring ice sculptures and a year-round ice bar.
Major Highways
Fairbanks is connected to the rest of Alaska by several important highways. The Richardson Highway (Alaska Route 2) runs south, connecting Fairbanks to Valdez and Anchorage. The Steese Highway (Alaska Route 6) leads north to the remote Yukon River and the Arctic Circle, while the Parks Highway (Alaska Route 3) runs southwest to Denali National Park and Anchorage. The Dalton Highway (Alaska Route 11) extends north from Fairbanks to the oil fields of Prudhoe Bay, providing access to the Arctic.
3. Juneau (Alaska)
City Facts
- County: Juneau City and Borough
- Area: 3,254.7 square miles
- Population: 32,253 (2023 estimate)
- Area Codes: 907
- ZIP Codes: 99801-99803, 99811, 99821, 99824
- Latitude/Longitude: 58.3019° N, 134.4197° W
Location and History
Juneau, the capital city of Alaska, is located in the southeastern part of the state, along the Gastineau Channel. It was founded in 1880 after gold was discovered in the area, leading to the establishment of a mining town. By 1906, Juneau became the capital of Alaska, replacing Sitka. Despite its remote location, which makes it accessible only by sea or air, Juneau has remained the political and administrative heart of Alaska. The city is surrounded by scenic mountains and glaciers, making it a popular destination for tourists and adventurers.
Major Landmarks
- Mendenhall Glacier: A massive glacier located just outside Juneau, offering hiking trails and stunning views.
- Alaska State Capitol: The center of government in Alaska, hosting legislative and administrative offices.
- Mount Roberts Tramway: A cable car offering panoramic views of Juneau and the surrounding wilderness.
- Glacier Gardens Rainforest Adventure: A botanical garden set within the Tongass National Forest, featuring unique upside-down tree sculptures.
- Eaglecrest Ski Area: A popular winter sports destination for skiing and snowboarding enthusiasts.
Major Highways
Juneau’s location in southeastern Alaska means it has no road connections to the mainland road system. However, within the city, the Glacier Highway runs from downtown Juneau to the Mendenhall Valley, providing access to key sites like the Mendenhall Glacier and Juneau International Airport. The city is connected to other parts of Alaska and the Pacific Northwest by the Alaska Marine Highway, a ferry system that serves coastal communities.
4. Wasilla (Alaska)
City Facts
- County: Matanuska-Susitna Borough
- Area: 13.4 square miles
- Population: 11,943 (2023 estimate)
- Area Codes: 907
- ZIP Codes: 99623, 99629, 99654, 99687
- Latitude/Longitude: 61.5814° N, 149.4394° W
Location and History
Wasilla is located in south-central Alaska, about 43 miles north of Anchorage in the Matanuska-Susitna Valley. Originally founded as a supply hub for gold and coal mining activities in the early 1900s, Wasilla grew slowly until the construction of the George Parks Highway in the 1970s, which significantly boosted its accessibility and growth. Today, Wasilla is known for its suburban character and serves as a bedroom community for Anchorage, with residents commuting between the two cities. Wasilla gained national attention in 2008 when former Governor Sarah Palin, who previously served as the city’s mayor, became the Republican vice-presidential candidate.
Major Landmarks
- Iditarod Trail Headquarters: The official starting point of the famous Iditarod sled dog race, featuring exhibits and sled dog rides.
- Palmer-Wasilla Highway: A scenic road offering stunning views of the surrounding mountains and the Matanuska Valley.
- Wasilla Museum and Visitor Center: Highlights the history and culture of Wasilla, from Native heritage to modern development.
- Hatcher Pass: A recreational area known for its hiking, skiing, and breathtaking mountain scenery.
- Independence Mine State Historical Park: A former gold mine, now preserved as a historic site and tourist destination.
Major Highways
Wasilla is located along the George Parks Highway (Alaska Route 3), which connects it to Anchorage in the south and Fairbanks in the north. The Glenn Highway (Alaska Route 1) also passes nearby, providing a direct route to Palmer and the scenic Matanuska Glacier. The Palmer-Wasilla Highway is a key local road that links the two neighboring cities and provides access to various recreational areas in the region.
5. Sitka (Alaska)
City Facts
- County: Sitka City and Borough
- Area: 4,815.1 square miles
- Population: 8,689 (2023 estimate)
- Area Codes: 907
- ZIP Codes: 99835
- Latitude/Longitude: 57.0531° N, 135.3300° W
Location and History
Sitka is located on Baranof Island and the southern half of Chichagof Island in the Alexander Archipelago, along the outer coast of Alaska’s Inside Passage. Originally settled by the Tlingit people, Sitka became a major Russian settlement in the early 19th century, serving as the capital of Russian America. In 1867, when the United States purchased Alaska from Russia, the transfer ceremony took place in Sitka. Today, Sitka retains much of its Russian heritage, and its economy is based on tourism, fishing, and government services.
Major Landmarks
- Sitka National Historical Park: A site preserving the history of the 1804 battle between Russian settlers and the Tlingit people.
- St. Michael’s Cathedral: A historic Russian Orthodox cathedral in downtown Sitka.
- Sheldon Jackson Museum: One of the oldest museums in Alaska, featuring Native artifacts and art.
- Alaska Raptor Center: A rehabilitation center for injured birds of prey, including bald eagles.
- Mount Edgecumbe: A dormant volcano located on Kruzof Island, visible from Sitka and popular with hikers.
Major Highways
Sitka is isolated from the rest of Alaska’s road system and does not have any major highways that connect it to other cities. Instead, transportation to and from Sitka is primarily by air or by sea via the Alaska Marine Highway ferry system. Sitka does have a network of local roads, including Halibut Point Road, which runs along the coastline and connects various parts of the city.
6. Ketchikan (Alaska)
City Facts
- County: Ketchikan Gateway Borough
- Area: 5,899.0 square miles
- Population: 8,347 (2023 estimate)
- Area Codes: 907
- ZIP Codes: 99901-99950
- Latitude/Longitude: 55.3422° N, 131.6461° W
Location and History
Ketchikan is located on Revillagigedo Island in the southeastern part of Alaska, near the southern entrance to the Inside Passage. The city was founded in 1885 as a fishing and trading hub, and it quickly became a center for the salmon canning industry. Ketchikan is also known for its rich Native culture, particularly that of the Tlingit people. Today, the economy of Ketchikan is heavily reliant on tourism, with cruise ships regularly stopping here. The city is often referred to as the “Salmon Capital of the World” due to its abundant fisheries.
Major Landmarks
- Totem Bight State Historical Park: Features a collection of Native totem poles and a replica clan house.
- Tongass Historical Museum: Highlights the history and culture of Ketchikan, from its Native roots to its industrial past.
- Creek Street: A historic boardwalk district along Ketchikan Creek, once known for its brothels and now home to shops and galleries.
- Southeast Alaska Discovery Center: Offers exhibits on the natural and cultural history of Alaska’s Inside Passage.
- Misty Fjords National Monument: A stunning wilderness area located southeast of Ketchikan, known for its dramatic fjords and wildlife.
Major Highways
Ketchikan, like many southeastern Alaska cities, is not connected to the main Alaska road system. However, Tongass Highway serves as the main road through Ketchikan, running from the southern end of the city to the north. The Alaska Marine Highway ferry system is the primary means of transportation to other cities in southeastern Alaska. Ketchikan International Airport is located on nearby Gravina Island and is accessible via ferry.
7. Kenai (Alaska)
City Facts
- County: Kenai Peninsula Borough
- Area: 35.5 square miles
- Population: 7,268 (2023 estimate)
- Area Codes: 907
- ZIP Codes: 99611
- Latitude/Longitude: 60.5544° N, 151.2583° W
Location and History
Kenai is located on the Kenai Peninsula, along the shores of Cook Inlet. The area was originally inhabited by the Dena’ina people, and in 1791, Russian fur traders established a settlement here, making Kenai one of the oldest European settlements in Alaska. During the mid-20th century, the discovery of oil in the region transformed Kenai into an economic hub for the oil and gas industries. Today, Kenai’s economy is a mix of energy, fishing, and tourism, with the area being famous for its excellent salmon fishing opportunities.
Major Landmarks
- Kenai River: World-renowned for its salmon fishing, drawing anglers from around the globe.
- Kenai Visitors and Cultural Center: Showcases the history of the Kenai Peninsula and offers exhibits on the area’s natural and cultural heritage.
- Kenai Beach: A popular recreational spot with views of Cook Inlet and Mount Redoubt.
- Holy Assumption of the Virgin Mary Church: One of the oldest Russian Orthodox churches in Alaska, built in 1896.
- Kenai National Wildlife Refuge: A massive protected area offering hiking, wildlife viewing, and fishing opportunities.
Major Highways
Kenai is connected to Anchorage and the rest of Alaska by the Sterling Highway (Alaska Route 1), which runs along the Kenai Peninsula. This highway is a major route for tourists and residents traveling to the region’s fishing, recreational, and scenic areas. The Kenai Spur Highway connects Kenai to other nearby communities such as Soldotna and Nikiski.
8. Kodiak (Alaska)
City Facts
- County: Kodiak Island Borough
- Area: 4,806.9 square miles
- Population: 5,968 (2023 estimate)
- Area Codes: 907
- ZIP Codes: 99615
- Latitude/Longitude: 57.7900° N, 152.4072° W
Location and History
Kodiak is the main city on Kodiak Island, located in the Gulf of Alaska. It was originally inhabited by the Alutiiq people and later became a major settlement for Russian fur traders in the 18th century. Kodiak became part of the United States following the Alaska Purchase in 1867. The city’s economy has long been based on commercial fishing, particularly for crab, halibut, and salmon. Kodiak is also home to the largest U.S. Coast Guard base in the country and serves as a hub for maritime operations in the North Pacific.
Major Landmarks
- Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge: Covers much of Kodiak Island and is home to the famous Kodiak brown bear.
- Alutiiq Museum: Dedicated to preserving the cultural heritage of the indigenous Alutiiq people.
- Fort Abercrombie State Historical Park: A former World War II defense site, now a scenic park with hiking trails and historic ruins.
- Baranov Museum: Housed in one of the oldest buildings in Alaska, offering exhibits on Kodiak’s Russian and American history.
- St. Paul Harbor: A busy fishing port and marina that reflects the city’s maritime economy.
Major Highways
Kodiak has a small network of local roads, but no highways that connect it to the mainland. The main road through Kodiak is the Rezanof Drive, which runs from the city to the nearby U.S. Coast Guard Base. Transportation to and from Kodiak is primarily by air and sea, with regular ferry services provided by the Alaska Marine Highway and flights via Kodiak Benny Benson State Airport.
9. Bethel (Alaska)
City Facts
- County: Bethel Census Area
- Area: 48.9 square miles
- Population: 6,325 (2023 estimate)
- Area Codes: 907
- ZIP Codes: 99559
- Latitude/Longitude: 60.7922° N, 161.7558° W
Location and History
Bethel is located on the Kuskokwim River in southwestern Alaska and serves as the administrative and commercial hub for the region. The area was historically inhabited by the Yup’ik people, and Bethel was established as a trading post in the late 19th century. Due to its remote location, Bethel is accessible only by air and river, making it a key transportation and logistics center for the surrounding villages. The economy of Bethel relies heavily on government services, healthcare, and subsistence activities such as fishing and hunting.
Major Landmarks
- Yup’ik Cultural Center: A center that preserves and promotes the culture and traditions of the Yup’ik people.
- Kuskokwim River: The lifeblood of the region, providing transportation, fishing, and subsistence activities for locals.
- ONC Multipurpose Building: Hosts community events and is a gathering place for local cultural activities.
- Bethel Mission: One of the first established missions in the area, reflecting the city’s missionary roots.
- Tundra Trails: Popular routes for exploring the surrounding tundra, whether by foot, snowmachine, or ATV.
Major Highways
Bethel is not connected to the Alaska road system, but the city has a network of local roads that connect key parts of the community. Transportation to and from Bethel is primarily by air, with regular flights from the Bethel Airport, one of the busiest regional airports in Alaska. Boats and snowmachines are commonly used for travel along the Kuskokwim River and across the surrounding tundra.
10. Palmer (Alaska)
City Facts
- County: Matanuska-Susitna Borough
- Area: 5.1 square miles
- Population: 6,040 (2023 estimate)
- Area Codes: 907
- ZIP Codes: 99645
- Latitude/Longitude: 61.5997° N, 149.1126° W
Location and History
Palmer is located in the Matanuska Valley, about 42 miles northeast of Anchorage. The city was founded during the Great Depression as part of a government project to resettle farming families from the Midwest. Palmer quickly developed into an agricultural center, thanks to the fertile soils of the Matanuska Valley. Today, it is known for its farming community and annual Alaska State Fair, which draws visitors from all over the state. Palmer is also a gateway to outdoor activities in the surrounding mountains and valleys.
Major Landmarks
- Alaska State Fairgrounds: Hosts the annual state fair, which features agricultural exhibits, competitions, and entertainment.
- Palmer Museum of History and Art: Offers exhibits on the history of Palmer and the Matanuska Valley, including its agricultural roots.
- Musk Ox Farm: A unique farm dedicated to the domestication of musk oxen, known for their soft wool, qiviut.
- Matanuska Glacier: A stunning glacier located about an hour from Palmer, offering hiking and ice climbing opportunities.
- Hatcher Pass: A popular recreational area known for its scenic views, hiking trails, and the historic Independence Mine.
Major Highways
Palmer is located at the junction of the Glenn Highway (Alaska Route 1) and the Palmer-Wasilla Highway, providing easy access to Anchorage, Wasilla, and other parts of the Matanuska-Susitna Valley. The Glenn Highway also connects Palmer to the Richardson Highway, leading to interior Alaska and Fairbanks. These highways are critical for both commercial and recreational travel, with Palmer serving as a key waypoint for those exploring the region.