One of the original 13 colonies, New Hampshire played a significant role in the early Revolutionary War and was the first state to declare its independence. It has 10 counties.
10 Counties in New Hampshire
1. Hillsborough County
County Facts
- Population: 422,937 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 603
- ZIP Codes: 03031-03244
- County Seat: Manchester and Nashua (dual seats)
Geography and History
Hillsborough County, located in southern New Hampshire, is the most populous county in the state, covering 892 square miles. Established in 1769, the county was named after Wills Hill, the Earl of Hillsborough. The county has two seats, Manchester and Nashua, both of which are the largest and second-largest cities in New Hampshire, respectively. Historically, Hillsborough County developed as an industrial center during the 19th century, with textile mills and factories lining the Merrimack River. Today, its economy is diverse, including healthcare, technology, and manufacturing. Hillsborough County’s geography includes urban centers, suburban areas, forests, and portions of the Merrimack River Valley, making it a dynamic and economically significant region.
Colleges and Universities
- Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU): A private university based in Manchester, SNHU is known for its extensive online programs and offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in business, education, and liberal arts.
- Saint Anselm College: A private Catholic liberal arts college located in Manchester, offering programs in nursing, politics, business, and the humanities. The college also hosts presidential debates and is known for its civic engagement.
- Rivier University: A private Catholic university located in Nashua, offering undergraduate and graduate programs in nursing, education, and business.
- Nashua Community College: A public two-year institution offering associate degrees and certificate programs in fields like business, healthcare, and information technology.
Major Landmarks
Hillsborough County is home to several important landmarks. Currier Museum of Art in Manchester features works by American and European artists, including works by Picasso and Matisse. Millyard Museum in Manchester highlights the industrial history of the region, particularly the textile mills along the Merrimack River. Mine Falls Park in Nashua offers scenic walking trails, boating, and wildlife viewing along the Nashua River. Amherst Village Historic District is known for its well-preserved colonial architecture. Merrimack Premium Outlets attracts shoppers from around New England. Saint Joseph Cathedral in Manchester is a beautiful example of Gothic Revival architecture, and Pats Peak Ski Area in Henniker offers skiing and snowboarding during the winter months.
2. Rockingham County
County Facts
- Population: 314,176 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 603
- ZIP Codes: 03032-03885
- County Seat: Brentwood
Geography and History
Rockingham County is located in southeastern New Hampshire, covering 695 square miles along the Atlantic coastline. Established in 1769, it was named after Charles Watson-Wentworth, the 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, a British Prime Minister. Rockingham County is known for its coastal towns, historical significance, and agricultural heritage. The county’s economy has evolved from fishing, shipbuilding, and farming to tourism, retail, and technology, particularly in the Portsmouth area. Its proximity to Boston has also made it a popular location for commuters. The geography includes sandy beaches, tidal rivers, and rolling farmland, contributing to the county’s diverse economy and scenic beauty.
Colleges and Universities
- University of New Hampshire (UNH): Located in Durham, UNH is the state’s flagship public university, offering a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs in business, engineering, marine science, and liberal arts. It is also known for its research in environmental sciences and sustainability.
- Great Bay Community College: A public community college with campuses in Portsmouth and Rochester, offering associate degrees, certifications, and workforce development programs.
- Southern New Hampshire University (Portsmouth Extension): Offers online and hybrid degree programs for working professionals, focusing on business, education, and healthcare fields.
Major Landmarks
Rockingham County’s major landmarks include Hampton Beach, one of New Hampshire’s most popular tourist destinations, known for its sandy beach and boardwalk. Portsmouth’s Strawbery Banke Museum offers a glimpse into life from colonial times to the early 20th century with historic houses and gardens. Odiorne Point State Park in Rye features hiking trails, tide pools, and the Seacoast Science Center. Exeter’s American Independence Museum showcases the town’s role in the Revolutionary War. The Isles of Shoals, located off the coast, offer historic lighthouses and opportunities for boating and birdwatching. Canobie Lake Park, an amusement park in Salem, draws visitors from across the region with its rides and entertainment.
3. Merrimack County
County Facts
- Population: 153,808 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 603
- ZIP Codes: 03216-03307
- County Seat: Concord
Geography and History
Merrimack County is located in central New Hampshire and covers 956 square miles. Established in 1823, the county is named after the Merrimack River, which runs through the region and has historically supported agriculture and industry. Concord, the state capital, is located in Merrimack County and serves as the political and cultural center of New Hampshire. The county’s economy has shifted from agriculture and manufacturing to include government services, healthcare, and education. The geography of Merrimack County includes rolling hills, lakes, and forested areas, with the Merrimack River playing a central role in transportation and recreation.
Colleges and Universities
- New England College: A private liberal arts college in Henniker offering undergraduate and graduate programs in business, education, and creative writing. The college is known for its innovative programs in outdoor leadership and environmental studies.
- NHTI – Concord’s Community College: A public two-year institution offering associate degrees in fields such as nursing, engineering, and criminal justice. It serves as a major educational hub in central New Hampshire.
- University of New Hampshire (Concord Extension): Offers graduate and professional development programs for working adults in areas like public administration, education, and social work.
Major Landmarks
Merrimack County’s major landmarks include the New Hampshire State House in Concord, the oldest state capitol where the legislature still meets in its original chambers. McAuliffe-Shepard Discovery Center in Concord is an interactive science museum named after astronaut Christa McAuliffe and features exhibits on space and aviation. Rollins State Park on Mount Kearsarge offers hiking and scenic views of the surrounding countryside. Canterbury Shaker Village is a National Historic Landmark that preserves the history and culture of the Shakers, a religious sect that settled in the area. Contoocook Railroad Bridge is the oldest surviving covered railroad bridge in the U.S. The Merrimack River Greenway Trail provides scenic walking and biking paths along the river.
4. Strafford County
County Facts
- Population: 130,889 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 603
- ZIP Codes: 03820-03887
- County Seat: Dover
Geography and History
Strafford County is located in southeastern New Hampshire, covering 369 square miles. Established in 1771, it is one of the oldest counties in the state and was named after William Wentworth, the Earl of Strafford. The county is home to several historic mill towns, including Dover, the oldest permanent settlement in New Hampshire. The county’s economy has shifted from textile and lumber mills to technology, healthcare, and education, with the University of New Hampshire being a major economic driver. Strafford County’s geography includes rolling hills, rivers, and the Great Bay Estuary, which is an important ecological region.
Colleges and Universities
- University of New Hampshire (UNH): As the flagship public university of New Hampshire, located in Durham, UNH offers a broad range of programs in business, engineering, marine biology, and environmental science. The university’s research programs are particularly strong in environmental sustainability and oceanography.
- Great Bay Community College (Rochester Extension): Provides associate degrees and technical certifications in healthcare, business, and technology. The college supports workforce development in the growing tech sector in Strafford County.
- Southern New Hampshire University (Dover Extension): Offers online and hybrid degree programs to cater to working professionals in areas such as business, education, and healthcare.
Major Landmarks
Strafford County’s major landmarks include Woodman Museum in Dover, which features exhibits on the natural and cultural history of the area. The Cocheco River, which runs through Dover, played a crucial role in the development of the town’s textile mills and offers scenic views and walking paths. The Salmon Falls River forms the border between New Hampshire and Maine and is popular for kayaking and fishing. The Great Bay National Wildlife Refuge is a protected area that provides habitat for migratory birds and offers hiking and birdwatching opportunities. Rochester Opera House is a historic theater that hosts live performances, while Dover’s Children’s Museum of New Hampshire offers hands-on exhibits for families.
5. Grafton County
County Facts
- Population: 91,118 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 603
- ZIP Codes: 03215-03785
- County Seat: North Haverhill
Geography and History
Grafton County is located in northwestern New Hampshire, covering 1,750 square miles, making it one of the largest counties in the state by land area. Established in 1769, the county was named after Augustus FitzRoy, the Duke of Grafton. The region’s early economy was based on logging, agriculture, and mining, with granite quarries in the area supplying stone for construction projects across the Northeast. Today, Grafton County is known for its outdoor recreation, particularly around the White Mountains and the Appalachian Trail. The county is also home to Dartmouth College, which plays a significant role in the local economy and culture.
Colleges and Universities
- Dartmouth College: An Ivy League institution located in Hanover, Dartmouth is one of the oldest colleges in the U.S., offering undergraduate and graduate programs in the arts, sciences, business, and medicine. The college is known for its strong emphasis on undergraduate education and its leading medical school, the Geisel School of Medicine.
- Plymouth State University: A public university located in Plymouth, PSU offers a range of undergraduate and graduate programs in education, business, environmental science, and the arts. The university is known for its innovative cluster learning model and strong focus on experiential education.
- River Valley Community College (Lebanon Campus): Provides associate degrees and certificate programs in healthcare, business, and trades, supporting the workforce needs of the region.
Major Landmarks
Grafton County’s major landmarks include Franconia Notch State Park, a popular destination for hiking, skiing, and rock climbing, and home to The Flume Gorge and Cannon Mountain. Mount Moosilauke is a favorite spot for hikers along the Appalachian Trail, offering stunning views of the surrounding mountains. The Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, one of the largest healthcare providers in the state, is located in Lebanon. The Frost Place in Franconia is the former home of poet Robert Frost, now a museum and writer’s retreat. Sculptured Rocks Natural Area in Groton offers unique rock formations carved by glaciers. Plymouth State University’s Silver Center for the Arts hosts performances and cultural events year-round.
6. Cheshire County
County Facts
- Population: 76,458 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 603
- ZIP Codes: 03431-03603
- County Seat: Keene
Geography and History
Cheshire County is located in southwestern New Hampshire, covering 728 square miles. Established in 1769, it was named after Cheshire, England. Keene, the county seat, developed as an industrial center during the 19th century, with the Ashuelot River providing power for factories and mills. Today, Cheshire County’s economy is driven by healthcare, education, and tourism, with Keene State College playing a central role. The county’s geography includes the Monadnock Region, known for its rolling hills, small towns, and Mount Monadnock, one of the most-climbed mountains in the world.
Colleges and Universities
- Keene State College: A public liberal arts college located in Keene, KSC offers undergraduate and graduate programs in education, film, environmental studies, and safety studies. The college is known for its annual Pumpkin Festival and its commitment to sustainability.
- River Valley Community College (Keene Extension): Offers associate degrees and certificates in healthcare, business, and trades, providing educational opportunities for residents of southwestern New Hampshire.
- Antioch University New England: A private university located in Keene offering graduate programs in environmental studies, psychology, and education, with a strong focus on social justice and sustainability.
Major Landmarks
Cheshire County’s major landmarks include Mount Monadnock, one of the most popular hiking destinations in the world, offering panoramic views of New England. Keene’s Colonial Theatre is a historic venue that hosts concerts, plays, and films. Chesterfield Gorge Natural Area provides scenic hiking trails along the gorge. The Horatio Colony House Museum in Keene offers insight into the history of one of the city’s prominent families. Ashuelot River Park in Keene is a popular spot for walking and picnicking. Swanzey Covered Bridges are iconic symbols of New England’s rural charm, with several well-preserved bridges located throughout the county.
7. Belknap County
County Facts
- Population: 63,705 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 603
- ZIP Codes: 03218-03269
- County Seat: Laconia
Geography and History
Belknap County is located in central New Hampshire, covering 469 square miles. Established in 1840, the county was named after Jeremy Belknap, a noted historian and clergyman. The county’s economy has traditionally been based on agriculture, forestry, and manufacturing, but today, tourism is the dominant industry, thanks to the region’s lakes, mountains, and outdoor recreation opportunities. Lake Winnipesaukee, the largest lake in New Hampshire, is a major draw for visitors, along with the county’s proximity to the White Mountains and ski resorts. Laconia, the county seat, is known for its annual Bike Week and its role as a regional hub for retail and services.
Colleges and Universities
- Lakes Region Community College (LRCC): A public community college located in Laconia, LRCC offers associate degrees and certificates in fields such as culinary arts, automotive technology, and healthcare. The college serves the educational needs of the Lakes Region.
- Southern New Hampshire University (Laconia Extension): Provides online and hybrid degree programs for working adults, with a focus on business, healthcare, and education.
- Plymouth State University (Belknap Extension): Offers graduate and professional development programs in education, business, and public administration, aimed at supporting the local workforce.
Major Landmarks
Belknap County is known for its scenic beauty and recreational attractions. Lake Winnipesaukee, the largest lake in New Hampshire, offers boating, fishing, and swimming in the summer, as well as ice fishing in the winter. Gunstock Mountain Resort in Gilford is a popular destination for skiing, snowboarding, and zip-lining. Weirs Beach, located in Laconia, is a historic resort area featuring arcades, boardwalks, and access to the Mount Washington Cruise, which offers boat tours of the lake. The Belknap Mill in Laconia is the oldest unaltered textile mill in the U.S. and now serves as a museum and cultural center. The Winnipesaukee Scenic Railroad offers scenic train rides along the lake’s shores.
8. Carroll County
County Facts
- Population: 50,107 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 603
- ZIP Codes: 03812-03897
- County Seat: Ossipee
Geography and History
Carroll County is located in eastern New Hampshire, covering 992 square miles. Established in 1840, the county was named after Charles Carroll, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. The region is known for its natural beauty, including the White Mountains, lakes, and forests. The county’s economy is heavily reliant on tourism, with visitors flocking to the White Mountain National Forest, ski resorts, and summer camps. Historically, the county was home to small farming and logging communities, but tourism has since become the driving force in the local economy. The geography includes the Ossipee Mountains, parts of the Saco River, and several large lakes, including Lake Winnipesaukee and Squam Lake.
Colleges and Universities
- Granite State College (Carroll County Extension): Offers associate and bachelor’s degrees in business, education, and human services, with a focus on adult learners and online education.
- White Mountains Community College (North Conway Extension): Provides associate degrees and vocational training in fields like hospitality, healthcare, and outdoor leadership, serving the tourism-driven economy of the region.
- Plymouth State University (Carroll County Extension): Offers graduate programs in education, business, and environmental studies, supporting the local workforce in teaching and public service roles.
Major Landmarks
Carroll County’s major landmarks include Mount Washington, the tallest peak in the northeastern United States, known for its extreme weather conditions and the Mount Washington Auto Road, a scenic drive to the summit. Conway Scenic Railroad offers historic train rides through the White Mountains. Squam Lake, made famous by the movie “On Golden Pond,” is a popular spot for boating, fishing, and wildlife viewing. Castle in the Clouds is a historic mansion and estate in Moultonborough that offers panoramic views of the Lakes Region. Cranmore Mountain Resort in North Conway is a favorite destination for skiing and snowboarding, while Echo Lake State Park offers swimming, hiking, and rock climbing.
9. Sullivan County
County Facts
- Population: 43,063 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 603
- ZIP Codes: 03284-03773
- County Seat: Newport
Geography and History
Sullivan County is located in western New Hampshire, covering 552 square miles. Established in 1827, the county was named after John Sullivan, a Revolutionary War general and former governor of New Hampshire. The county’s economy was historically based on agriculture and small-scale manufacturing, with mills located along the Sugar River. Today, the economy includes manufacturing, healthcare, and tourism, particularly in the Lake Sunapee area. The county’s geography is dominated by the Connecticut River, which forms its western border with Vermont, and Mount Sunapee, a popular spot for outdoor recreation.
Colleges and Universities
- River Valley Community College (Claremont Campus): A public community college offering associate degrees and certificates in healthcare, business, and trades. The Claremont campus is the primary educational institution in Sullivan County.
- Granite State College (Newport Extension): Provides online and hybrid programs in fields like business, education, and human services, aimed at adult learners seeking flexible education options.
- Dartmouth College (Outreach Programs): Though located just outside the county, Dartmouth College offers outreach and educational programs to Sullivan County residents, particularly in healthcare and public policy.
Major Landmarks
Sullivan County’s major landmarks include Mount Sunapee Resort, a popular destination for skiing, snowboarding, and hiking, with access to Lake Sunapee for boating and swimming in the summer. Saint-Gaudens National Historical Park in Cornish preserves the home and studio of Augustus Saint-Gaudens, one of America’s greatest sculptors. The Cornish-Windsor Covered Bridge, spanning the Connecticut River, is the longest covered bridge in the United States. The Newport Opera House hosts performances and community events in the heart of Newport. The Fort at No. 4, a living history museum in Charlestown, recreates life in a colonial frontier settlement during the 18th century.
10. Coös County
County Facts
- Population: 31,268 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 603
- ZIP Codes: 03561-03592
- County Seat: Lancaster
Geography and History
Coös County is located in the far northern part of New Hampshire, covering 1,830 square miles, making it the largest county by land area in the state. Established in 1803, Coös is a Native American word meaning “small pines.” The county’s economy was historically based on timber and paper mills, which thrived in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Today, the region is known for its natural beauty and outdoor recreation, including hiking, skiing, and snowmobiling. The county’s geography includes the White Mountains, the Connecticut River Valley, and the Great North Woods, which support a thriving tourism industry.
Colleges and Universities
- White Mountains Community College (Berlin Campus): Provides associate degrees and vocational training in fields like healthcare, trades, and hospitality, supporting the local economy’s needs in tourism and outdoor recreation.
- Granite State College (North Country Extension): Offers degree programs and online education opportunities for adult learners in rural parts of the county, focusing on business, education, and social services.
- University of New Hampshire (Extension Services): Provides agricultural and environmental outreach programs to support the region’s farming and conservation efforts, as well as continuing education opportunities for residents.
Major Landmarks
Coös County is home to several natural and cultural landmarks. Mount Washington, the highest peak in the northeastern U.S., is a major attraction for hikers and skiers, with the Mount Washington Cog Railway offering scenic trips to the summit. Jericho Mountain State Park in Berlin is a popular destination for ATV riders and campers. The Great North Woods offer some of the best hunting, fishing, and snowmobiling in New England. Dixville Notch, famous for being one of the first places to cast votes in U.S. presidential elections, offers stunning scenery and hiking trails. Santa’s Village in Jefferson is a family-friendly theme park that draws visitors from across the region. The Bretton Woods Ski Resort offers skiing and snowboarding with views of Mount Washington and the Presidential Range.