Nevada became a state in 1864 during the Civil War. It is known for its mining history and later for its casinos and tourism industry. Nevada has 17 counties.
10 Largest Counties in Nevada
1. Clark County
County Facts
- Population: 2,325,798 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 702, 725
- ZIP Codes: 89002-89199
- County Seat: Las Vegas
Geography and History
Clark County is located in southern Nevada and covers 8,061 square miles, making it one of the most populous counties in the U.S. Established in 1909, the county was named after William A. Clark, a U.S. Senator who helped build the railroad connecting Salt Lake City to Los Angeles. Clark County is home to Las Vegas, the state’s largest city and a global entertainment hub known for its casinos, hotels, and nightlife. The county’s geography includes arid desert landscapes, the Colorado River, and mountain ranges. It also borders Arizona, California, and Utah, making it a key transportation and economic center in the region. The development of the Hoover Dam in the 1930s was crucial in spurring growth, transforming the area into an economic powerhouse driven by tourism, entertainment, and gaming.
Colleges and Universities
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV): A major public research university with programs in law, business, hospitality, and engineering. UNLV is known for its International Gaming Institute and strong ties to the city’s hospitality industry.
- College of Southern Nevada (CSN): The largest public college in Nevada, offering associate degrees, vocational programs, and transfer opportunities to four-year institutions.
- Nevada State College: Located in nearby Henderson, Nevada State College offers undergraduate programs in nursing, education, business, and the liberal arts.
- Touro University Nevada: A private university focused on healthcare education, offering degrees in osteopathic medicine, physical therapy, and nursing.
Major Landmarks
Clark County is famous for its world-class attractions, particularly along the Las Vegas Strip, home to iconic resorts like The Bellagio, Caesars Palace, and The Venetian. Hoover Dam is one of the engineering marvels of the 20th century, attracting millions of visitors each year. Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area offers scenic drives, hiking, and rock climbing just outside the city. Lake Mead, the largest reservoir in the U.S., provides opportunities for boating, fishing, and swimming. Fremont Street Experience in downtown Las Vegas is known for its light shows and historic casinos. The Mob Museum tells the story of organized crime in America, and The Neon Museum preserves iconic Las Vegas signs from the past. Spring Mountains National Recreation Area, also known as Mount Charleston, provides hiking and skiing opportunities just outside the city.
2. Washoe County
County Facts
- Population: 486,492 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 775
- ZIP Codes: 89402-89599
- County Seat: Reno
Geography and History
Washoe County is located in northwestern Nevada and covers 6,551 square miles. Established in 1861, it is named after the Washoe Native American tribe. The county’s largest city, Reno, is known as “The Biggest Little City in the World” and was a major gambling destination before Las Vegas became the entertainment capital of Nevada. The county’s economy has diversified, with tourism, technology, and education playing important roles. Washoe County is situated between the Sierra Nevada mountains and the high desert, with stunning natural landmarks like Lake Tahoe to the southwest and Pyramid Lake to the northeast. The Truckee River flows through the county, providing water for agriculture and recreation.
Colleges and Universities
- University of Nevada, Reno (UNR): A public research university and the oldest university in Nevada, offering strong programs in engineering, journalism, medicine, and business. UNR is also known for its earthquake engineering research and vibrant campus life.
- Truckee Meadows Community College (TMCC): A public community college offering associate degrees, vocational training, and transfer programs to four-year institutions.
- Sierra Nevada University (SNU): A private liberal arts college located in Incline Village near Lake Tahoe, offering undergraduate and graduate programs in business, environmental science, and education.
Major Landmarks
Washoe County is known for its scenic beauty and outdoor recreation opportunities. Lake Tahoe, the largest alpine lake in North America, is a popular destination for skiing, boating, and hiking. Pyramid Lake, a remnant of the ancient Lake Lahontan, offers fishing and is a sacred site for the Paiute Tribe. Downtown Reno features iconic casinos like Silver Legacy and Eldorado, as well as the National Automobile Museum, which houses over 200 vintage cars. Rancho San Rafael Regional Park is home to the Wilbur D. May Center and the Great Reno Balloon Race, an annual event attracting visitors from around the world. Mount Rose and the Sierra Nevada mountains offer skiing and snowboarding opportunities, while Virginia City, a historic mining town, showcases Nevada’s Wild West heritage.
3. Elko County
County Facts
- Population: 53,702 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 775
- ZIP Codes: 89801-89883
- County Seat: Elko
Geography and History
Elko County, located in northeastern Nevada, is the largest county in the state by area, covering 17,203 square miles. Established in 1869, it was named after the Shoshone word for “white woman” and has a long history tied to mining, ranching, and the railroads. Elko is known for its rich deposits of gold and silver, and mining continues to be a major economic driver in the region. The county’s geography includes mountain ranges like the Ruby Mountains, vast high desert plains, and the Humboldt River. With its rugged landscapes and small-town charm, Elko County embodies the spirit of the American West.
Colleges and Universities
- Great Basin College (GBC): A public college located in Elko offering associate, bachelor’s, and certificate programs in fields such as mining, nursing, education, and business. GBC also serves rural communities across Nevada through online programs.
- University of Nevada, Reno (Elko Extension): Provides courses in agriculture, environmental science, and continuing education through its extension programs, supporting the local workforce and community development.
Major Landmarks
Elko County’s landmarks highlight its natural beauty and cowboy culture. The Ruby Mountains are a popular destination for hiking, camping, and skiing, known as the “Nevada Alps” for their rugged terrain. Lamoille Canyon offers scenic drives and hiking trails with stunning views of glaciers and waterfalls. Humboldt National Forest covers much of the county, providing opportunities for outdoor recreation. The National Cowboy Poetry Gathering is held annually in Elko and celebrates the traditions of the American West through storytelling, music, and poetry. California Trail Interpretive Center offers insight into the historic pioneer routes that passed through the region. Jarbidge Wilderness is one of Nevada’s most remote wilderness areas, known for its pristine natural landscapes.
4. Carson City (Independent City)
County Facts
- Population: 58,639 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 775
- ZIP Codes: 89701-89706
- County Seat: Carson City
Geography and History
Carson City, the capital of Nevada, is an independent city that functions as its own county. Covering just 157 square miles, it is nestled in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains, near Lake Tahoe and the California border. Carson City was founded in 1858 during the Silver Rush and was named after the nearby Carson River, which in turn was named for explorer Kit Carson. The city became the state capital in 1864 when Nevada achieved statehood. Historically, Carson City’s economy was based on mining and the railroads, but today it is driven by government services, tourism, and manufacturing.
Colleges and Universities
- Western Nevada College (WNC): A public community college offering associate degrees, technical certifications, and transfer programs in fields such as nursing, business, and technology. WNC has strong ties to the local economy, particularly in manufacturing and healthcare.
- University of Nevada, Reno (Carson City Extension): Provides continuing education and workforce development programs, supporting local industries and community initiatives.
Major Landmarks
Carson City is rich in historical and cultural landmarks. Nevada State Capitol is one of the oldest functioning capitol buildings in the U.S., dating back to 1871. Nevada State Museum offers exhibits on the state’s mining history, natural history, and the Carson Mint. Carson City Mint, which produced silver coins during the late 19th century, is now part of the museum. Bowers Mansion in nearby Washoe Valley is a beautifully preserved mansion from the mining boom era. Lake Tahoe, just a short drive from Carson City, provides year-round recreation, including skiing at Heavenly Mountain Resort and boating on the lake. Kit Carson Trail is a historic walking path that takes visitors through some of the city’s oldest neighborhoods.
5. Nye County
County Facts
- Population: 53,594 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 775
- ZIP Codes: 89003-89061
- County Seat: Tonopah
Geography and History
Nye County is located in southern Nevada and covers a vast area of 18,199 square miles, making it the third-largest county in the contiguous U.S. by land area. Established in 1864, it was named after James W. Nye, Nevada’s first governor. The county’s geography includes parts of the Mojave Desert, the Amargosa Valley, and several mountain ranges. Historically, Nye County’s economy was based on mining, particularly silver, gold, and other minerals. Today, the county is known for its renewable energy projects, particularly solar and geothermal power, as well as its military and scientific installations, including the Nevada National Security Site (formerly known as the Nevada Test Site).
Colleges and Universities
- Great Basin College (Pahrump Campus): Offers associate and bachelor’s degrees in fields such as education, healthcare, and business. The Pahrump campus serves as the main educational institution for the southern part of Nye County.
- University of Nevada, Reno (Extension Services): Provides agricultural research, environmental education, and community outreach programs to rural areas like Nye County.
Major Landmarks
Nye County’s major landmarks include Death Valley National Park, a portion of which lies within the county’s borders and is famous for its extreme temperatures and unique desert landscapes. Tonopah Historic Mining Park offers tours of historic mining sites, providing a glimpse into the region’s silver boom. Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge near Pahrump is home to several endangered species and provides opportunities for hiking and wildlife viewing. Rhyolite Ghost Town, located near Beatty, features remnants of a once-thriving mining town and unique outdoor sculptures. Nevada National Security Site offers limited tours of its nuclear testing grounds, giving visitors a rare look at Cold War history. Mount Charleston, located near Pahrump, provides skiing and outdoor activities in the cooler mountain climate.
6. Douglas County
County Facts
- Population: 49,488 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 775
- ZIP Codes: 89410-89460
- County Seat: Minden
Geography and History
Douglas County is located in western Nevada, along the border with California, and covers 738 square miles. Established in 1861, it was named after Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois. The county is known for its beautiful location in the Carson Valley, with the Sierra Nevada mountains to the west and Lake Tahoe to the north. Agriculture, particularly cattle ranching and farming, played an important role in the county’s early development, but tourism and recreation have become major economic drivers due to the proximity to Lake Tahoe and the surrounding mountains. Minden and Gardnerville are the primary towns, offering a blend of small-town charm and outdoor recreation.
Colleges and Universities
- Western Nevada College (Douglas Campus): Provides associate degrees, vocational training, and transfer programs to four-year institutions. The Douglas campus serves students from the Carson Valley area and focuses on healthcare, business, and technology education.
- University of Nevada, Reno (Lake Tahoe Extension): Offers continuing education and environmental science programs related to Lake Tahoe’s ecosystem, supporting the region’s environmental and tourism industries.
Major Landmarks
Douglas County is known for its stunning natural landmarks. Lake Tahoe is one of the top tourist destinations in the U.S., offering boating, fishing, hiking, and skiing. Heavenly Mountain Resort, located on the border of Nevada and California, is a popular ski resort with breathtaking views of the lake. Mormon Station State Historic Park in Genoa commemorates the first permanent non-native settlement in Nevada. Carson Valley Museum & Cultural Center in Gardnerville showcases the county’s agricultural and Native American history. Topaz Lake near the California border is a popular spot for fishing and camping. Genoa Bar and Saloon, Nevada’s oldest bar, provides a glimpse into the Wild West days of the 19th century.
7. Lyon County
County Facts
- Population: 59,235 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 775
- ZIP Codes: 89403-89429
- County Seat: Yerington
Geography and History
Lyon County is located in western Nevada and covers 2,016 square miles. Established in 1861, it was named after General Nathaniel Lyon, the first Union general killed during the Civil War. The county’s early economy was based on mining, particularly around the historic mining town of Silver City, as well as agriculture in the fertile Mason Valley. Today, the county is a mix of suburban areas, small towns, and rural farmland, with a growing population due to its proximity to Reno and Carson City. The county’s geography includes the Carson River, the Pine Nut Mountains, and large tracts of desert.
Colleges and Universities
- Western Nevada College (Fernley and Yerington Campuses): Offers associate degrees and certifications in fields such as business, healthcare, and trades. These campuses serve the educational needs of the growing populations in Lyon County’s rural and suburban areas.
- University of Nevada, Reno (Extension Services): Provides community outreach, agricultural education, and environmental research to support local industries like farming and ranching.
Major Landmarks
Lyon County’s landmarks reflect its rich history and natural beauty. Fort Churchill State Historic Park preserves the ruins of a 19th-century U.S. Army fort that protected settlers during conflicts with Native Americans. Buckland Station, part of the park, was a key stop along the Pony Express. Dayton State Park offers hiking and a glimpse into Nevada’s mining past with remnants of old mills and structures. Lahontan State Recreation Area near Fernley provides opportunities for boating, fishing, and camping. Walker River is a popular destination for fishing, rafting, and birdwatching. Mason Valley Wildlife Management Area supports a wide variety of bird species and is a key area for wildlife conservation.
8. Churchill County
County Facts
- Population: 25,516 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 775
- ZIP Codes: 89406-89496
- County Seat: Fallon
Geography and History
Churchill County is located in western Nevada and spans 4,929 square miles. Established in 1861, it was named after Fort Churchill, which was named for Mexican-American War hero Sylvester Churchill. Fallon, the county seat, is known as the “Oasis of Nevada” due to its extensive irrigation systems that have turned desert land into fertile farmland. Agriculture, particularly the production of alfalfa and dairy, plays a significant role in the local economy, along with the presence of Naval Air Station Fallon, home to the Navy’s TOPGUN school. The county’s geography includes vast desert areas, mountain ranges, and the Carson River.
Colleges and Universities
- Western Nevada College (Fallon Campus): A public community college offering associate degrees, certifications, and vocational training in areas like agriculture, healthcare, and business.
- University of Nevada, Reno (Fallon Extension): Provides extension services to support the local agricultural community, offering research and educational programs related to crop production, irrigation, and environmental sustainability.
Major Landmarks
Churchill County is home to several unique landmarks. Naval Air Station Fallon is a major military installation and the only facility hosting the Navy’s advanced air combat training program, TOPGUN. Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge is a haven for migratory birds and offers birdwatching, hiking, and photography opportunities. Lahontan Reservoir provides recreational activities such as boating, fishing, and camping. Grimes Point Archaeological Area features ancient petroglyphs created by Indigenous peoples thousands of years ago. Sand Mountain Recreation Area is popular with off-road vehicle enthusiasts and campers. Oats Park Art Center in Fallon showcases local and regional art exhibits and performances.
9. White Pine County
County Facts
- Population: 9,080 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 775
- ZIP Codes: 89301-89350
- County Seat: Ely
Geography and History
White Pine County, located in eastern Nevada, covers 8,877 square miles. Established in 1869, it was named after the abundant white pine trees in the area. Ely, the county seat, developed as a mining town after the discovery of copper and became a major stop along the Nevada Northern Railway. Mining remains a key part of the county’s economy, particularly copper and gold extraction. The county’s geography includes the Great Basin National Park, mountainous regions, and large desert areas. White Pine County is one of the most remote areas in Nevada, known for its wide-open spaces and outdoor recreation.
Colleges and Universities
- Great Basin College (Ely Campus): Offers associate degrees, vocational training, and online programs in healthcare, business, and trades, serving the rural communities of White Pine County.
- University of Nevada, Reno (Extension Services): Provides research, agricultural education, and environmental programs to help local industries like mining and ranching.
Major Landmarks
White Pine County’s major landmarks include Great Basin National Park, home to the spectacular Lehman Caves and Wheeler Peak, the second-highest mountain in Nevada. Nevada Northern Railway Museum in Ely offers scenic train rides and tours of historic locomotives. Ward Charcoal Ovens State Historic Park preserves beehive-shaped charcoal ovens used during the mining boom of the 1870s. Cave Lake State Park offers fishing, hiking, and camping in a scenic mountain setting. McGill Drugstore Museum in McGill showcases a preserved 20th-century drugstore, complete with original inventory and furnishings. Bristlecone Pine Forest, located in the nearby Snake Range, features some of the oldest living trees on Earth.
10. Humboldt County
County Facts
- Population: 17,285 (2020 Census)
- Area Codes: 775
- ZIP Codes: 89421-89458
- County Seat: Winnemucca
Geography and History
Humboldt County is located in northwestern Nevada and spans 9,658 square miles. Established in 1856, it was named after the Humboldt River, which flows through the region. Winnemucca, the county seat, is known for its role as a transportation hub along Interstate 80 and the transcontinental railroad. Historically, the economy has been based on mining, ranching, and agriculture. Today, mining remains a significant industry, particularly gold and silver extraction. The county’s geography includes mountains, desert valleys, and part of the Black Rock Desert, famous for the annual Burning Man festival.
Colleges and Universities
- Great Basin College (Winnemucca Campus): Offers associate degrees, certifications, and transfer programs to students in the rural areas of northern Nevada. The Winnemucca campus focuses on vocational training and higher education in fields like healthcare, business, and trades.
- University of Nevada, Reno (Extension Services): Supports the agricultural and mining industries in Humboldt County with educational programs, research, and community outreach.
Major Landmarks
Humboldt County’s major landmarks include the Black Rock Desert, home to the Burning Man festival, which attracts tens of thousands of people each year for a unique artistic and cultural experience. Winnemucca Sand Dunes is the largest dune field in Nevada and popular for off-roading and sandboarding. Humboldt Museum in Winnemucca showcases the history of the region, including exhibits on Native American culture, the transcontinental railroad, and early settlers. Water Canyon Recreation Area offers hiking, camping, and scenic drives just outside Winnemucca. Thunder Mountain Monument, located near Imlay, is a unique folk art installation built by a World War II veteran. Paradise Valley provides scenic views and is a popular spot for camping and fishing.