Minnesota became a state in 1858 and is known for its large Scandinavian population and abundance of lakes. It has 87 counties.
10 Largest Counties in Minnesota
1. Hennepin County
County Facts:
- Population: Approximately 1.3 million
- Area Codes: 612, 763, 952
- Zip Codes: 55305–55488
- County Seat: Minneapolis
Geography and History:
Hennepin County, located in southeastern Minnesota, covers 606 square miles. The Mississippi River runs through the county, with Minneapolis, the largest city, sitting along its banks. The county features urban areas, rivers, lakes, and parkland, making it a blend of city life and natural beauty. The climate is typical of the Upper Midwest, with cold winters and warm summers.
Established in 1852, the county was named after the explorer Father Louis Hennepin, a Catholic missionary who explored the region. Minneapolis quickly became an industrial hub, particularly for flour milling, due to its location on the Mississippi River and the power generated by St. Anthony Falls. Over time, Hennepin County grew into the economic and cultural center of Minnesota, with a diverse economy that includes finance, healthcare, education, and technology.
Colleges and Universities:
- University of Minnesota (Minneapolis Campus): The flagship public research university in Minnesota, offering a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs in fields such as engineering, business, and the sciences.
- Augsburg University: A private liberal arts college in Minneapolis known for its strong programs in the arts, social sciences, and business.
- Minneapolis College of Art and Design (MCAD): A private art college offering programs in fine arts, graphic design, and media arts.
- North Hennepin Community College: Provides associate degrees and certificates in fields such as business, healthcare, and technology, serving residents of northern Hennepin County.
Major Landmarks:
Hennepin County is home to the Walker Art Center and the adjacent Minneapolis Sculpture Garden, featuring the iconic Spoonbridge and Cherry. Minnehaha Falls, a beautiful urban waterfall, is a popular destination for residents and tourists alike. Target Field, home to the Minnesota Twins, and U.S. Bank Stadium, home to the Minnesota Vikings, are major sports landmarks. The Guthrie Theater offers world-class performances, while Lake Minnetonka provides opportunities for boating, fishing, and swimming in the summer.
2. Ramsey County
County Facts:
- Population: Approximately 550,000
- Area Codes: 651
- Zip Codes: 55101–55199
- County Seat: St. Paul
Geography and History:
Ramsey County is Minnesota’s smallest county by land area, covering only 170 square miles, but it is densely populated. The county is located in southeastern Minnesota and is part of the Twin Cities metropolitan area, with the Mississippi River running through St. Paul. The terrain includes urban areas, lakes, and parkland. The climate features cold winters and hot summers, typical of the region.
Ramsey County was established in 1849 and named after Alexander Ramsey, the first governor of Minnesota Territory. St. Paul, the county seat and state capital, grew as a key trading post and transportation hub due to its location on the Mississippi River. The county has a long history as a center of government, education, and industry. Today, it is a major hub for healthcare, finance, and the arts.
Colleges and Universities:
- University of St. Thomas: A private Catholic university offering programs in business, law, education, and engineering.
- Hamline University: The oldest university in Minnesota, offering strong programs in law, liberal arts, and business.
- Macalester College: A private liberal arts college known for its emphasis on internationalism and strong programs in the social sciences and humanities.
- Metropolitan State University: A public university offering flexible programs for working adults, with degrees in fields such as business, healthcare, and the humanities.
Major Landmarks:
Ramsey County is home to the Minnesota State Capitol, an architectural masterpiece, and Cathedral of Saint Paul, one of the most prominent churches in the U.S. Como Park Zoo and Conservatory offers family-friendly activities, including botanical gardens, a zoo, and a lake. Xcel Energy Center, home to the Minnesota Wild NHL team, is a major sports and concert venue. Fort Snelling, a historic military fort, is now a state park that offers historical reenactments and scenic views of the river.
3. Dakota County
County Facts:
- Population: Approximately 440,000
- Area Codes: 651
- Zip Codes: 55001–55124
- County Seat: Hastings
Geography and History:
Dakota County is located in southeastern Minnesota, covering 587 square miles. The county is part of the Twin Cities metropolitan area and includes suburban cities like Eagan, Burnsville, and Lakeville. The geography is marked by rivers, lakes, and rolling hills, with the Minnesota and Mississippi Rivers forming part of its borders. The climate is continental, with cold winters and warm summers.
Founded in 1849, Dakota County is named after the Dakota Sioux tribe that originally inhabited the region. The county has a rich agricultural history, but with the expansion of the Twin Cities, it has grown into a suburban and commercial hub. The area is known for its mix of suburban living and access to natural beauty, with numerous parks and trails.
Colleges and Universities:
- Inver Hills Community College: Offers associate degrees and certificates, with programs in nursing, business, and the liberal arts.
- Dakota County Technical College: Provides career-focused education in areas like engineering, automotive technology, and healthcare.
- Rasmussen University (Eagan Campus): Offers online and on-campus programs in healthcare, business, and technology.
- Augsburg University (Rochester Campus): Offers degree programs for working adults in fields like education and business.
Major Landmarks:
Dakota County boasts several natural landmarks, including Lebanon Hills Regional Park, which offers hiking, fishing, and camping. Fort Snelling State Park and the Mississippi River Trail provide scenic views and opportunities for outdoor recreation. The Minnesota Zoo in Apple Valley is one of the state’s most popular attractions, offering interactive exhibits and animal habitats. Hastings RiverWalk and Historic Downtown Hastings offer charming riverfront views and shopping.
4. Anoka County
County Facts:
- Population: Approximately 365,000
- Area Codes: 763, 651
- Zip Codes: 55005–55448
- County Seat: Anoka
Geography and History:
Anoka County is located in east-central Minnesota and spans 446 square miles. The county features a mix of suburban cities, rural farmland, and natural areas, with the Rum River and Mississippi River running through it. The climate is typical of Minnesota, with cold winters and warm, humid summers.
Anoka County was established in 1857 and named after the city of Anoka, which means “on both sides” in Dakota, referring to its location on the banks of the Rum River. The county has grown rapidly as part of the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area, with cities like Blaine and Coon Rapids becoming major suburban communities. Historically, the county had a strong agricultural base, but today it is known for its suburban growth and commercial development.
Colleges and Universities:
- Anoka-Ramsey Community College: Offers associate degrees and certificates in fields such as healthcare, business, and education, serving students throughout the northern metro area.
- Anoka Technical College: Provides vocational and technical education in areas such as nursing, automotive technology, and construction.
- University of Northwestern – St. Paul: A private Christian college located nearby, offering programs in business, education, and ministry.
- Metropolitan State University: While based in St. Paul, it offers courses at Anoka-Ramsey Community College through a partnership program.
Major Landmarks:
Bunker Hills Regional Park is a key natural landmark, offering trails, picnic areas, and a water park. Coon Rapids Dam Regional Park provides hiking, fishing, and views of the Mississippi River. The city of Anoka is known as the “Halloween Capital of the World” and hosts annual Halloween parades and festivals. National Sports Center in Blaine is the largest amateur sports complex in the world, hosting soccer, hockey, and figure skating events. Rum River offers opportunities for kayaking and fishing.
5. Washington County
County Facts:
- Population: Approximately 270,000
- Area Codes: 651
- Zip Codes: 55001–55129
- County Seat: Stillwater
Geography and History:
Washington County is located in eastern Minnesota, covering 423 square miles. The county is known for its scenic beauty, featuring rolling hills, forests, and rivers. The St. Croix River forms the eastern boundary, separating Minnesota from Wisconsin. The climate is humid continental, with cold winters and warm summers.
Founded in 1849, Washington County was one of the nine original counties in Minnesota Territory. Stillwater, the county seat, is often referred to as the “Birthplace of Minnesota,” as it played a central role in the state’s early history, particularly in the lumber industry. Today, Washington County is known for its high quality of life, historic towns, and natural areas, with many residents commuting to the Twin Cities for work.
Colleges and Universities:
- Century College: A public community college offering associate degrees and certificates in fields such as nursing, business, and information technology.
- Bethel University: Located nearby in Arden Hills, Bethel offers undergraduate and graduate programs in business, education, and theology.
- Metropolitan State University: Offers courses and degree programs for Washington County residents through partnerships with local community colleges.
- University of Wisconsin – River Falls: While located just across the river in Wisconsin, many Washington County students attend this regional university, which offers programs in agriculture, business, and education.
Major Landmarks:
Washington County is home to Afton State Park, a popular destination for hiking, camping, and cross-country skiing. Historic Stillwater, with its charming downtown and scenic river views, is a major attraction, offering shopping, dining, and riverboat cruises on the St. Croix River. William O’Brien State Park offers beautiful hiking trails along the St. Croix River. Big Marine Park Reserve provides opportunities for boating, fishing, and picnicking. Lift Bridge Brewing Company in Stillwater is a popular local brewery offering tours and tastings.
6. Stearns County
County Facts:
- Population: Approximately 160,000
- Area Codes: 320
- Zip Codes: 55320–56397
- County Seat: St. Cloud
Geography and History:
Stearns County is located in central Minnesota and covers 1,343 square miles, making it one of the largest counties by land area. The county’s geography is characterized by rolling farmland, lakes, and forests. The Sauk River and Mississippi River both run through the area. The climate is continental, with cold winters and warm summers.
Stearns County was established in 1855 and named after Charles Stearns, a member of the Minnesota Territorial Legislature. The county seat, St. Cloud, developed as an important agricultural and transportation hub. The region is known for its German-Catholic heritage, which has shaped much of the county’s culture and architecture. Today, Stearns County is a mix of agriculture, education, and growing suburban communities.
Colleges and Universities:
- St. Cloud State University (SCSU): A public university offering undergraduate and graduate programs in business, education, engineering, and the arts.
- College of Saint Benedict: A private liberal arts college for women, known for its strong programs in the humanities, social sciences, and education.
- Saint John’s University: A private Catholic university for men, partnered with the College of Saint Benedict, offering programs in theology, philosophy, and the liberal arts.
- St. Cloud Technical & Community College: Offers associate degrees, certificates, and technical training in fields such as healthcare, business, and industrial technology.
Major Landmarks:
Stearns County is home to Munsinger Clemens Gardens, a beautiful botanical garden along the Mississippi River in St. Cloud. St. John’s Abbey and University in Collegeville features impressive architecture and hosts cultural and religious events. Quarry Park and Nature Preserve offers outdoor recreation, including hiking, swimming, and rock climbing. Lake Maria State Park provides opportunities for camping, birdwatching, and hiking. The St. Cloud Granite Quarry is a historical site that highlights the region’s granite-mining heritage.
7. Olmsted County
County Facts:
- Population: Approximately 160,000
- Area Codes: 507
- Zip Codes: 55901–55976
- County Seat: Rochester
Geography and History:
Olmsted County is located in southeastern Minnesota, covering 654 square miles. The county is primarily rural, with rolling farmland and small towns, but Rochester, the largest city, serves as the county’s urban center. The Zumbro River runs through the county, and the climate is typical of the Midwest, with cold winters and warm summers.
Founded in 1855, Olmsted County was named after David Olmsted, the first mayor of St. Paul. Rochester developed into a major center for healthcare after the founding of the Mayo Clinic in the late 19th century, transforming the county’s economy and attracting residents from around the world. Today, Olmsted County is known for its high quality of life, world-class medical facilities, and strong agricultural base.
Colleges and Universities:
- University of Minnesota Rochester (UMR): A public university focusing on health sciences, with strong partnerships with the Mayo Clinic.
- Rochester Community and Technical College (RCTC): Offers associate degrees, certificates, and vocational training in fields like healthcare, business, and technology.
- Mayo Clinic School of Medicine: One of the top medical schools in the country, affiliated with the Mayo Clinic, offering medical and research programs.
- Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota (Rochester Campus): Provides graduate and professional development programs in business, education, and healthcare.
Major Landmarks:
Olmsted County is home to the world-renowned Mayo Clinic, a leader in medical care and research. The Mayo Civic Center in Rochester hosts concerts, conventions, and sporting events. Quarry Hill Nature Center offers hiking, birdwatching, and educational programs. Soldiers Field Veterans Memorial honors the area’s veterans and is a central feature of Rochester. Silver Lake Park provides boating, picnicking, and views of the resident geese, making it a popular local gathering spot.
8. Wright County
County Facts:
- Population: Approximately 140,000
- Area Codes: 763, 320
- Zip Codes: 55313–55382
- County Seat: Buffalo
Geography and History:
Wright County is located in central Minnesota and covers 714 square miles. The geography includes numerous lakes, rivers, and forests, with the Crow River being a significant waterway. The county is part of the Twin Cities metropolitan area and has a mix of rural farmland and growing suburban communities. The climate is continental, with cold winters and warm summers.
Wright County was established in 1855 and named after Silas Wright, a former U.S. Senator from New York. The county has a long history of agriculture, particularly dairy farming, and many small towns grew around agricultural centers. In recent decades, Wright County has experienced suburban growth as residents seek more space while commuting to the Twin Cities.
Colleges and Universities:
- Wright Technical Center: Offers technical and vocational education in fields such as automotive technology, healthcare, and business for high school and adult learners.
- Minnesota State University, Mankato (University Center in Monticello): Provides degree programs in business, education, and healthcare through a partnership with local colleges.
- St. Cloud State University: While based in nearby Stearns County, many Wright County students attend SCSU for undergraduate and graduate programs.
- Crown College: A private Christian college offering undergraduate and graduate programs in business, education, and theology, located just outside the county in St. Bonifacius.
Major Landmarks:
Wright County is known for its many lakes, including Lake Pulaski and Buffalo Lake, which offer fishing, boating, and recreation. Montissippi Regional Park along the Mississippi River provides scenic trails and picnic areas. The Wright County Historical Society in Buffalo preserves the county’s history through exhibits and events. Bertram Chain of Lakes Regional Park offers hiking, camping, and paddling opportunities. The annual Wright County Fair in Howard Lake showcases the area’s agricultural heritage with livestock, exhibits, and entertainment.
9. Carver County
County Facts:
- Population: Approximately 105,000
- Area Codes: 952
- Zip Codes: 55315–55387
- County Seat: Chaska
Geography and History:
Carver County is located in southeastern Minnesota and covers 375 square miles. The geography includes rolling hills, rivers, and numerous lakes, with the Minnesota River forming part of its southern border. The climate is typical of the Upper Midwest, with cold winters and warm summers.
Established in 1855, Carver County was named after Jonathan Carver, an explorer who traveled the region in the 18th century. The county developed as an agricultural region, particularly for dairy and crop farming. In recent decades, Carver County has experienced suburban growth, with towns like Chaska and Chanhassen becoming part of the Twin Cities metropolitan area.
Colleges and Universities:
- Southwest Metro Intermediate District: Offers career and technical education for high school students in fields such as construction, automotive technology, and healthcare.
- Normandale Community College (Chaska Satellite Campus): Provides associate degrees and certificates in fields like business, nursing, and liberal arts.
- Crown College: Located near Carver County, this Christian college offers programs in education, business, and ministry for students in the area.
- University of Minnesota (Twin Cities): Many residents of Carver County attend the University of Minnesota, which is a short drive away and offers a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs.
Major Landmarks:
Carver County is home to Minnesota Landscape Arboretum in Chaska, a 1,200-acre public garden offering seasonal displays and hiking trails. Paisley Park, the former home and recording studio of musician Prince, is a major tourist attraction in Chanhassen. Lake Waconia provides opportunities for boating, fishing, and camping. Chaska Curling Center is a hub for the sport of curling, drawing participants from around the region. Carver Park Reserve offers wildlife viewing, hiking, and scenic beauty, with opportunities to explore restored prairies and wetlands.
10. Sherburne County
County Facts:
- Population: Approximately 97,000
- Area Codes: 763
- Zip Codes: 55308–55398
- County Seat: Elk River
Geography and History:
Sherburne County is located in central Minnesota and spans 451 square miles. The county features a mix of urban, suburban, and rural areas, with the Mississippi River forming its northern boundary. The climate is typical of the region, with long, cold winters and warm summers.
Sherburne County was founded in 1856 and named after Moses Sherburne, a justice on the Minnesota Supreme Court. The county has a history of agriculture, but in recent decades, it has become a growing suburban area due to its proximity to the Twin Cities. Elk River serves as the county seat and a growing hub of commercial and residential development.
Colleges and Universities:
- Anoka-Ramsey Community College (Elk River Campus): Offers associate degrees and certificates in business, healthcare, and education, providing local students with access to higher education.
- St. Cloud State University (Extension Courses): Offers continuing education and distance learning opportunities for Sherburne County residents.
- Minnesota School of Business (Elk River): Offers career-focused programs in business, healthcare, and information technology.
- University of Minnesota (Twin Cities): Located nearby, many Sherburne County residents attend the University of Minnesota, taking advantage of its extensive academic offerings.
Major Landmarks:
Sherburne National Wildlife Refuge is a key natural attraction, offering hiking, birdwatching, and wildlife viewing opportunities in a restored prairie and wetland habitat. Elk River’s Historic Downtown features shops, restaurants, and historic buildings. Sand Dunes State Forest provides trails for hiking, horseback riding, and snowmobiling, along with scenic lakes and woodlands. Mississippi River Islands Scientific and Natural Area offers protected natural habitats for exploration and nature study. The Oliver H. Kelley Farm, a living history farm in Elk River, showcases 19th-century farming techniques and provides educational programs for visitors.