One of the original 13 colonies, South Carolina was the first state to secede from the Union before the Civil War. It has 46 counties.
10 Largest Counties in South Carolina
1. Greenville County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 525,000
- Area Codes: 864
- Zip Codes: 29601-29617
- County Seat: Greenville
Geography and History
Greenville County is located in the northwestern part of South Carolina, nestled in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The county’s geography features a blend of urban development, rolling hills, and lush forests. Established in 1786, Greenville County was named after the lush, green landscape observed by early settlers. The county has a rich history, evolving from a small agricultural community into a thriving economic hub, particularly in manufacturing and technology. The city of Greenville has seen significant growth and revitalization, becoming a center for business, culture, and recreation. Historically, the area played a role in the textile industry, which was a major driver of its early economic development. Today, Greenville is known for its vibrant downtown area, with a blend of historic charm and modern amenities.
Colleges and Universities
- Furman University: A private liberal arts university known for its strong programs in humanities, natural sciences, and business.
- Clemson University (Greenville Campus): Offers graduate programs in various fields, including business, education, and health sciences.
- North Greenville University: A private Christian university offering a range of undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on liberal arts and professional education.
- Greenville Technical College: Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on workforce development and career readiness.
Major Landmarks
Greenville County is renowned for several significant landmarks that highlight its natural beauty and cultural vibrancy. Falls Park on the Reedy River features picturesque waterfalls and a scenic suspension bridge, offering a tranquil urban oasis. The Greenville Zoo, located in Cleveland Park, provides educational experiences and exhibits on wildlife. The Peace Center, a major performing arts venue, hosts a variety of concerts, Broadway shows, and cultural events. The Upcountry History Museum offers insights into the region’s history and heritage through interactive exhibits. Additionally, the Swamp Rabbit Trail provides a scenic route for cycling and walking, connecting Greenville to nearby towns and showcasing the county’s commitment to outdoor recreation. These landmarks reflect Greenville County’s blend of natural beauty, cultural attractions, and community engagement.
2. Richland County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 450,000
- Area Codes: 803
- Zip Codes: 29201-29229
- County Seat: Columbia
Geography and History
Richland County is located in central South Carolina, encompassing the state capital, Columbia. The county features a diverse landscape that includes urban areas, riverfronts, and suburban neighborhoods. Established in 1785, Richland County was named for its rich soil, which was ideal for agriculture. Columbia was chosen as the state capital in 1786, and the city has been a central hub for government, education, and culture ever since. The county’s history includes significant roles in the Civil War and the development of the state’s education system. Richland County has evolved into a vibrant metropolitan area with a focus on technology, education, and healthcare.
Colleges and Universities
- University of South Carolina: The flagship public university of the state, offering a wide range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs.
- Columbia College: A private women’s college offering liberal arts education with a strong emphasis on leadership and community engagement.
- Benedict College: A private historically Black college providing a range of undergraduate programs with a focus on liberal arts and professional studies.
- Midlands Technical College: Offers vocational and technical programs aimed at workforce development and career readiness.
Major Landmarks
Richland County is home to several notable landmarks that reflect its historical and cultural significance. The South Carolina State House, located in Columbia, is the seat of government and a historic building with a rich architectural and political history. The Riverbanks Zoo and Garden offers extensive wildlife exhibits and beautiful botanical gardens. The Columbia Museum of Art features a diverse collection of art and hosts various cultural events. The EdVenture Children’s Museum provides interactive exhibits and educational programs for children and families. Additionally, the Congaree National Park offers scenic trails and opportunities for outdoor recreation along the Congaree River, showcasing the county’s natural beauty. These landmarks highlight Richland County’s role as a center of culture, education, and government.
3. Charleston County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 430,000
- Area Codes: 843
- Zip Codes: 29401-29492
- County Seat: Charleston
Geography and History
Charleston County is located in the southeastern part of South Carolina, along the Atlantic coast. The county features a diverse landscape that includes coastal marshes, barrier islands, and historic urban areas. Established in 1800, Charleston County was named after Charles Towne, the original name of the city of Charleston. The city of Charleston is one of the oldest and most historic cities in the United States, playing a significant role in early American history, including the Civil War. Charleston has a well-preserved historic district and is known for its antebellum architecture, cobblestone streets, and rich cultural heritage. The county has evolved into a major tourist destination with a vibrant arts scene and strong historical preservation efforts.
Colleges and Universities
- College of Charleston: A public liberal arts university known for its strong programs in business, education, and the arts.
- The Citadel: A public military college offering undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on leadership and military education.
- Charleston Southern University: A private Christian university offering a range of undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on liberal arts and professional studies.
- Trident Technical College: Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on workforce development and career readiness.
Major Landmarks
Charleston County features several significant landmarks that highlight its historical and cultural importance. The historic district of Charleston itself is a major attraction, with well-preserved antebellum architecture and historic sites such as the Battery and Rainbow Row. Fort Sumter National Monument, located in Charleston Harbor, is the site where the first shots of the Civil War were fired. The Magnolia Plantation and Gardens offer beautiful gardens and insights into Southern history. The South Carolina Aquarium features exhibits on local marine life and conservation efforts. Additionally, the Middleton Place historic site includes an 18th-century plantation house and beautiful gardens. These landmarks showcase Charleston County’s rich history and cultural heritage.
4. Horry County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 380,000
- Area Codes: 843
- Zip Codes: 29501-29588
- County Seat: Conway
Geography and History
Horry County is located in the northeastern part of South Carolina, along the Atlantic coast. The county features a coastal landscape with beaches, wetlands, and rivers. Established in 1801, Horry County was named after Peter Horry, a hero of the American Revolution. The county is known for its significant tourism industry, particularly in the Myrtle Beach area, which is one of the most popular vacation destinations on the East Coast. Horry County’s history includes early settlement and development related to agriculture and maritime trade. Over time, it has transformed into a major center for tourism and entertainment, with a strong focus on beach resorts and recreational activities.
Colleges and Universities
- Coastal Carolina University: A public university located in Conway, offering a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on coastal and marine studies.
- Horry-Georgetown Technical College: Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
- Francis Marion University (Myrtle Beach Campus): Offers programs in various fields with a focus on professional and liberal arts education.
Major Landmarks
Horry County is known for several notable landmarks that highlight its coastal charm and recreational appeal. Myrtle Beach, a major tourist destination, features miles of sandy beaches, a vibrant boardwalk, and numerous entertainment options. The Myrtle Beach SkyWheel provides panoramic views of the coastline from its observation wheel. The Brookgreen Gardens, located near Murrells Inlet, offers beautiful sculpture gardens and a wildlife preserve. The Carolina Opry and Alabama Theatre are popular venues for live performances and entertainment. Additionally, the Conway Riverwalk provides a scenic area for walking and enjoying views of the Waccamaw River. These landmarks reflect Horry County’s role as a premier coastal destination.
5. York County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 270,000
- Area Codes: 803
- Zip Codes: 29702-29745
- County Seat: York
Geography and History
York County is located in the north-central part of South Carolina, with a diverse landscape that includes rolling hills, farmland, and suburban development. Established in 1785, York County was named after York, England. The county has a rich history tied to its early settlement and role in the American Revolutionary War, with several historic sites and landmarks reflecting this heritage. York County has evolved from its agricultural roots into a thriving community with a mix of historic charm and modern amenities. The county seat, York, is known for its well-preserved historic buildings and active community life.
Colleges and Universities
- York Technical College: Offers a range of vocational and technical programs with a focus on workforce development and career readiness.
- Winthrop University: A public university located in Rock Hill, offering strong programs in education, business, and the arts.
- Clemson University (York County Extension): Provides educational and professional development opportunities in various fields.
Major Landmarks
York County features several significant landmarks that reflect its historical and cultural significance. The Historic Brattonsville site offers insights into 18th and 19th-century Southern life with preserved buildings and interactive exhibits. The Main Street Historic District in York includes well-preserved 19th-century architecture and historic sites. The Old Town Rock Hill area provides a glimpse into the region’s history with its charming streets and historic buildings. The Glencairn Garden in Rock Hill offers beautiful floral displays and walking paths. Additionally, the York County Museum provides exhibits on local history and heritage. These landmarks showcase York County’s rich history and cultural heritage.
6. Anderson County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 220,000
- Area Codes: 864
- Zip Codes: 29621-29627
- County Seat: Anderson
Geography and History
Anderson County is located in the northwestern part of South Carolina, featuring a mix of urban, rural, and lakefront landscapes. The county was established in 1826 and was named after Robert Anderson, a hero of the War of 1812. The county’s history includes its early settlement, development of agriculture, and later industrial growth. Anderson County has seen significant growth due to its proximity to Lake Hartwell and its role as a center for manufacturing and trade. The county seat, Anderson, is known for its historic downtown area and its cultural and recreational amenities.
Colleges and Universities
- Anderson University: A private Christian university offering undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on liberal arts and professional studies.
- Tri-County Technical College: Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
- Clemson University (Anderson County Extension): Offers educational and professional development opportunities in various fields.
Major Landmarks
Anderson County is known for several key landmarks that highlight its natural and cultural appeal. Lake Hartwell, a large reservoir on the border of South Carolina and Georgia, provides opportunities for boating, fishing, and outdoor recreation. The Anderson County Museum offers exhibits on local history and culture. The historic downtown area of Anderson features charming architecture and cultural attractions. The Big Water Marina offers facilities for water activities on Lake Hartwell. Additionally, the Anderson Arts Center provides a venue for local art exhibitions and cultural events. These landmarks reflect Anderson County’s natural beauty and cultural heritage.
7. Lexington County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 300,000
- Area Codes: 803
- Zip Codes: 29001-29073
- County Seat: Lexington
Geography and History
Lexington County is located in central South Carolina, directly west of Columbia. The county features a mix of suburban development, rural areas, and access to the Saluda River. Established in 1785, Lexington County was named after the Battle of Lexington, a key early battle of the American Revolutionary War. The county’s history includes its agricultural roots and its growth as a suburban area due to its proximity to Columbia. Lexington, the county seat, has evolved into a vibrant community with a strong local economy and active community life.
Colleges and Universities
- Midlands Technical College (Lexington Campus): Offers vocational and technical programs aimed at workforce development and career readiness.
- University of South Carolina (Lexington Extension): Provides educational programs and professional development opportunities.
- Columbia College (Lexington Campus): Offers undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on liberal arts and professional studies.
Major Landmarks
Lexington County features several landmarks that highlight its historical and recreational significance. The Saluda Shoals Park provides scenic trails, water activities, and nature-based education. The Lexington County Museum offers exhibits on local history and heritage. The historic downtown area of Lexington features charming architecture and community events. The Irmo Community Park offers recreational facilities and family-friendly activities. Additionally, the Lake Murray Dam and surrounding areas provide opportunities for boating, fishing, and outdoor enjoyment. These landmarks showcase Lexington County’s blend of natural beauty and community spirit.
8. Beaufort County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 190,000
- Area Codes: 843
- Zip Codes: 29901-29940
- County Seat: Beaufort
Geography and History
Beaufort County is located in the southeastern part of South Carolina, along the Atlantic coast. The county features a coastal landscape with marshes, barrier islands, and historic towns. Established in 1769, Beaufort County was named after Henry Somerset, the 5th Duke of Beaufort. The county’s history includes its role as a major center for maritime trade and its involvement in the Civil War. Beaufort, the county seat, is known for its well-preserved historic district and its charming waterfront area. The county has a rich cultural heritage, with a focus on preservation and tourism.
Colleges and Universities
- University of South Carolina Beaufort: A public university offering undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on liberal arts and professional studies.
- Technical College of the Lowcountry: Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on workforce development and career readiness.
- South Carolina State University (Beaufort Extension): Offers educational programs and professional development opportunities.
Major Landmarks
Beaufort County is known for several notable landmarks that highlight its historic and coastal charm. The historic district of Beaufort features well-preserved antebellum architecture and a vibrant waterfront area. The Penn Center, located on St. Helena Island, offers insights into Gullah culture and history. Hunting Island State Park features pristine beaches, maritime forests, and a historic lighthouse. The Beaufort History Museum provides exhibits on local history and heritage. Additionally, the Port Royal Sound Maritime Center offers educational exhibits and insights into the region’s maritime history. These landmarks reflect Beaufort County’s rich history and natural beauty.
9. Dorchester County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 200,000
- Area Codes: 843
- Zip Codes: 29437-29485
- County Seat: St. George
Geography and History
Dorchester County is located in the southeastern part of South Carolina, with a landscape that includes rural areas, wetlands, and some suburban development. Established in 1897, Dorchester County was named after Dorchester, Massachusetts. The county’s history includes its early agricultural development and later growth due to its proximity to Charleston. St. George, the county seat, has a historic downtown area with preserved buildings and a strong sense of local heritage. The county has evolved with a focus on residential growth and maintaining its rural charm.
Colleges and Universities
- Charleston Southern University (Dorchester Campus): Offers programs in various fields with a focus on professional and liberal arts education.
- South Carolina State University (Dorchester Extension): Provides educational programs and professional development opportunities.
- Trident Technical College (Dorchester Campus): Provides vocational and technical training aimed at workforce development and career readiness.
Major Landmarks
Dorchester County features several landmarks that highlight its historical and rural charm. The Historic Dorchester State Park includes ruins of an old colonial town and offers educational programs on early settlement history. The St. George Museum provides exhibits on local history and heritage. The Summerville Historic District features well-preserved architecture and charming streets. Additionally, the Lowcountry Country Club offers recreational facilities and events. These landmarks reflect Dorchester County’s historical significance and rural character.
10. Oconee County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 80,000
- Area Codes: 864
- Zip Codes: 29660-29678
- County Seat: Walhalla
Geography and History
Oconee County is located in the northwestern part of South Carolina, near the borders with Georgia and North Carolina. The county features a landscape of rolling hills, lakes, and forests. Established in 1868, Oconee County was named after the Cherokee word for “rock” or “stone.” The county’s history includes its role in early settlement and its development as a center for agriculture and tourism. Walhalla, the county seat, is known for its German heritage and its annual Oktoberfest celebration. The county has a strong focus on preserving its natural beauty and providing recreational opportunities.
Colleges and Universities
- Clemson University (Oconee County Extension): Offers educational and professional development opportunities in various fields.
- Tri-County Technical College (Oconee Campus): Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
Major Landmarks
Oconee County is known for several key landmarks that showcase its natural beauty and cultural heritage. Lake Hartwell, a large reservoir, offers opportunities for boating, fishing, and outdoor activities. The Oconee Station State Historic Site includes ruins of a 19th-century military station and provides educational programs on early settlement. The Duke’s Creek Falls offers scenic hiking trails and beautiful waterfalls. Additionally, the Stumphouse Tunnel and Issaqueena Falls provide historical and natural attractions for visitors. These landmarks reflect Oconee County’s commitment to preserving its natural and historical heritage.