South Dakota became a state in 1889 and is known for Mount Rushmore and its role in Native American history. It has 66 counties.
10 Largest Counties in South Dakota
1. Minnehaha County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 200,000
- Area Codes: 605
- Zip Codes: 57101-57110
- County Seat: Sioux Falls
Geography and History
Minnehaha County is located in southeastern South Dakota and is the state’s most populous county. The county’s landscape includes a mix of prairie and river valleys, with the Big Sioux River running through the area. Established in 1862, it was named after the Minnehaha Falls, a landmark in Longfellow’s poem “The Song of Hiawatha.” The county’s history includes early settler agriculture, with Sioux Falls growing as a regional commercial and cultural hub. The city’s development has been driven by its strategic location, access to transportation, and diverse economy. Today, Minnehaha County is known for its vibrant urban amenities, cultural institutions, and as a major economic center in South Dakota.
Colleges and Universities
- University of Sioux Falls (USF): A private Christian university offering undergraduate and graduate programs with strengths in business, education, and the arts.
- Augustana University: A private liberal arts university in Sioux Falls, known for its strong programs in health sciences, business, and liberal arts.
- Southeast Technical College: Provides technical education and training in fields such as healthcare, business, and technology.
Major Landmarks
Minnehaha County is home to several significant landmarks. Sioux Falls, the largest city in the county, features the impressive Falls Park, where visitors can view the picturesque waterfalls on the Big Sioux River. The Washington Pavilion of Arts and Science offers cultural exhibits, performances, and a science center. The Sioux Falls SculptureWalk showcases public art throughout downtown. Additionally, the Old Courthouse Museum provides historical exhibits and insights into the county’s past. The combination of natural beauty, cultural institutions, and public art makes Minnehaha County a dynamic and attractive destination.
2. Pennington County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 120,000
- Area Codes: 605
- Zip Codes: 57701-57799
- County Seat: Rapid City
Geography and History
Pennington County is located in western South Dakota, characterized by a diverse landscape that includes the Black Hills, rolling plains, and rugged terrain. The county was established in 1875 and named after the then-current Governor of Dakota Territory, John Pennington. The area’s history includes significant events such as the Gold Rush of the 1870s, which attracted settlers and miners to the Black Hills. Rapid City, the county seat, is a major regional center with a growing economy driven by tourism, government, and healthcare. The county is known for its rich history, including its connection to Native American culture and its role in the development of the American West.
Colleges and Universities
- South Dakota School of Mines & Technology (SD Mines): A public research university in Rapid City specializing in engineering, science, and technology.
- Western Dakota Technical College (WDTC): Offers technical and vocational training in areas such as healthcare, business, and information technology.
Major Landmarks
Pennington County features several notable landmarks. Mount Rushmore National Memorial, located in the Black Hills, is one of the most iconic landmarks in the United States, featuring the faces of Presidents Washington, Jefferson, Roosevelt, and Lincoln. The Crazy Horse Memorial, still under construction, honors the Lakota leader and is a major cultural and historical site. The Black Hills National Forest offers extensive recreational opportunities, including hiking, camping, and scenic drives. Additionally, the Journey Museum in Rapid City provides exhibits on the region’s history and Native American culture. The combination of monumental sculptures, natural beauty, and cultural attractions makes Pennington County a significant destination.
3. Brookings County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 35,000
- Area Codes: 605
- Zip Codes: 57006-57007
- County Seat: Brookings
Geography and History
Brookings County is located in the southeastern part of South Dakota, with a landscape characterized by rolling prairies and agricultural land. Established in 1862, it was named after the town of Brookings in New York. The county’s history includes early settler agriculture and the establishment of Brookings as a center for education and agriculture. Brookings, the county seat, is home to South Dakota State University, which significantly impacts the local economy and culture. The county is known for its strong community spirit, educational institutions, and contributions to South Dakota’s agricultural sector.
Colleges and Universities
- South Dakota State University (SDSU): The state’s largest public university, located in Brookings, offering a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs with strengths in agriculture, engineering, and the sciences.
Major Landmarks
Brookings County features several key landmarks. South Dakota State University’s campus is a major cultural and educational hub, with facilities such as the South Dakota Art Museum and the Jackrabbit athletic facilities. The Brookings Historical Society Museum offers insights into local history and heritage. Additionally, the county’s agricultural fairs and events celebrate its farming traditions. The combination of educational institutions, historical sites, and community events makes Brookings County an important and engaging area.
4. Lincoln County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 60,000
- Area Codes: 605
- Zip Codes: 57032-57064
- County Seat: Canton
Geography and History
Lincoln County is located in southeastern South Dakota, with a landscape of rolling hills, agricultural land, and small communities. Established in 1867 and named after President Abraham Lincoln, the county has a history rooted in early settler agriculture and local development. Canton, the county seat, is known for its historic downtown and strong community spirit. The county’s growth has been influenced by its proximity to Sioux Falls, contributing to its development as a residential and agricultural area.
Colleges and Universities
- Nearby institutions: Residents often attend universities in Sioux Falls or other nearby cities, such as the University of South Dakota in Vermillion.
Major Landmarks
Lincoln County is known for several significant landmarks. The Canton Historic District features well-preserved historic buildings and offers a glimpse into the county’s past. The Goodwin House Museum provides historical exhibits related to local history. Additionally, the county’s scenic rural landscapes and agricultural fairs highlight its farming heritage. The combination of historic sites, community events, and natural beauty makes Lincoln County a charming and attractive destination.
5. Clay County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 14,000
- Area Codes: 605
- Zip Codes: 57005-57006
- County Seat: Vermillion
Geography and History
Clay County is located in the southeastern part of South Dakota, characterized by its rural landscape of prairies and river valleys. Established in 1862, it was named after Henry Clay, a prominent American politician. The county’s history includes early settler agriculture and the development of Vermillion as a center for education and commerce. Vermillion, the county seat, is home to the University of South Dakota and serves as a cultural and educational hub for the region. The county is known for its strong community spirit, agricultural contributions, and educational institutions.
Colleges and Universities
- University of South Dakota (USD): Located in Vermillion, USD is the state’s flagship public university, offering a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs with strengths in law, business, and the liberal arts.
Major Landmarks
Clay County features several notable landmarks. The University of South Dakota’s campus is a key cultural and educational center, with facilities such as the National Music Museum and the Vermillion Historic Preservation Commission’s efforts to preserve local heritage. The Clay County Fairgrounds hosts various community events and agricultural fairs. Additionally, the scenic Missouri River provides opportunities for outdoor recreation. The combination of educational institutions, historical sites, and community events makes Clay County a distinctive and engaging destination.
6. Lawrence County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 25,000
- Area Codes: 605
- Zip Codes: 57701-57783
- County Seat: Deadwood
Geography and History
Lawrence County is located in the northern Black Hills region of South Dakota, featuring rugged terrain, forests, and historic mining towns. Established in 1877 and named after Major General Robert E. Lawrence, the county’s history is closely tied to the Gold Rush era, with Deadwood emerging as a key site during this period. The county’s history includes significant Native American heritage, gold mining, and the development of tourism. Deadwood, the county seat, is known for its historic charm, casinos, and role in the American Old West.
Colleges and Universities
- Nearby institutions: Residents often attend universities in Rapid City or other nearby cities, such as South Dakota School of Mines & Technology.
Major Landmarks
Lawrence County is home to several significant landmarks. Deadwood’s historic district includes preserved buildings from the Gold Rush era and offers a glimpse into the past with its casinos, museums, and historical tours. The Mount Moriah Cemetery, where notable figures such as Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane are buried, is a popular historical site. Additionally, the Black Hills National Forest provides extensive recreational opportunities, including hiking, camping, and scenic drives. The combination of historic sites, natural beauty, and cultural attractions makes Lawrence County a unique destination.
7. Hughes County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 18,000
- Area Codes: 605
- Zip Codes: 57501-57503
- County Seat: Pierre
Geography and History
Hughes County is located in central South Dakota, characterized by its rolling plains and proximity to the Missouri River. Established in 1914 and named after a former South Dakota governor, the county’s history includes early settler agriculture and the development of Pierre as the state capital. The county’s landscape and location have contributed to its role as a center for government and regional commerce. Pierre, the county seat, is known for its historical significance, government buildings, and cultural institutions.
Colleges and Universities
- Nearby institutions: Residents often attend universities in nearby cities, such as the University of South Dakota in Vermillion.
Major Landmarks
Hughes County features several notable landmarks. The South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre is a significant government building with historical and architectural importance. The Oahe Dam, located on the Missouri River, provides recreational opportunities and contributes to the region’s water management. Additionally, the South Dakota Historical Society Museum offers exhibits on the state’s history and culture. The combination of government landmarks, natural features, and cultural institutions makes Hughes County a notable destination.
8. Beadle County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 20,000
- Area Codes: 605
- Zip Codes: 57301-57369
- County Seat: Huron
Geography and History
Beadle County is located in east-central South Dakota, with a landscape of prairies and agricultural land. Established in 1880 and named after a prominent early settler, the county has a history rooted in agriculture and early settlement. Huron, the county seat, is known for its historical significance, including its role as a regional agricultural center and cultural hub. The county’s development has been influenced by its agricultural economy and community events.
Colleges and Universities
- Nearby institutions: Residents often attend universities in Sioux Falls or other nearby cities, such as South Dakota State University in Brookings.
Major Landmarks
Beadle County features several key landmarks. The Dakota Indian Foundation in Huron provides insights into Native American culture and history. The Huron Fairgrounds hosts various community events and agricultural fairs, celebrating the county’s farming heritage. Additionally, the local museums and historical societies offer exhibits on regional history and culture. The combination of cultural institutions, agricultural events, and historical sites makes Beadle County a unique and engaging destination.
9. Jackson County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 3,000
- Area Codes: 605
- Zip Codes: 57570
- County Seat: Kadoka
Geography and History
Jackson County is located in southwestern South Dakota, featuring a landscape of prairies and rugged terrain. Established in 1915 and named after President Andrew Jackson, the county’s history includes early settler agriculture and ranching. Kadoka, the county seat, is a small town known for its agricultural focus and historical charm. The county’s remote location and sparse population contribute to its rural character and strong sense of local community.
Colleges and Universities
- Nearby institutions: Residents often attend universities in Rapid City or other nearby cities, such as South Dakota School of Mines & Technology.
Major Landmarks
Jackson County is known for its natural beauty and historical sites. The Badlands National Park, which extends into the county, offers dramatic landscapes and unique geological formations. The town of Kadoka features local museums and historical sites that reflect the county’s past. Additionally, the county’s rural landscapes and outdoor recreational opportunities highlight its natural appeal. The combination of dramatic landscapes, historical sites, and rural charm makes Jackson County a distinctive and tranquil destination.
10. Corson County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 4,000
- Area Codes: 605
- Zip Codes: 57639-57640
- County Seat: McIntosh
Geography and History
Corson County is located in north-central South Dakota, characterized by its rolling plains and agricultural land. Established in 1911 and named after a local pioneer, the county’s history includes early settler agriculture and ranching. McIntosh, the county seat, is a small town known for its agricultural focus and community events. The county’s remote location and low population density contribute to its rural character and strong sense of local heritage.
Colleges and Universities
- Nearby institutions: Residents often attend universities in other parts of South Dakota, such as the University of South Dakota in Vermillion.
Major Landmarks
Corson County features several key landmarks. The local historical society and museums offer insights into the county’s agricultural heritage and pioneer history. The county’s rural landscapes and agricultural events highlight its farming traditions. Additionally, the local parks and natural areas provide recreational opportunities and showcase the county’s scenic beauty. The combination of historical sites, agricultural events, and natural landscapes makes Corson County a unique and appealing destination.