TOEFL Test Centers in Germany

EDU February 16, 2019

Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, state in Central Europe, with (2019) 83.1 million residents; The capital is Berlin.

North German Lowlands

The North German lowlands extend far to the south in the Lower Rhine Bight and the Westphalian Bight as well as in the Leipzig Lowland Bay. It has been overprinted by the Scandinavian inland ice, which penetrated several times during the Pleistocene. According to the time of the ice cover, a distinction is made between young and old moraine areas (moraine). Marshes, geest plates and terminal moraine alternating with sand and lowlands bear witness to the Ice Age in northern Germany (up to the low mountain ranges). In eastern Schleswig-Holstein (with Holstein Switzerland, which is rich in lakes) the young moraine area forms a narrow strip. A particularly extensive geest landscape, criss-crossed by terminal moraine walls, is the Lüneburg Heath (7 400 km ²) between the glacial valleys of the Elbe and Aller. In the northeast, the young moraine zone extends from the Baltic Sea coast far south to the Glogau-Baruther glacial valley. The Mecklenburg-Brandenburg basin zone follows the flat ground moraine plate of Western Pomerania with little lakes. This is followed by the Baltic ridge, rich in lakes, with the Helpter Mountains (up to 179 m) and the Ruhner Mountains (up to 178 m). That is where the Mecklenburg Lake District and the Uckermark with the Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve on the southern edge.

The south-west adjoining area of ​​the Brandenburg plateaus and lowlands between the Elbe in the west and the Oder in the east encompasses glacial valleys crowded together in a narrow space. They are separated from one another by numerous plates: Barnim, the Land Lebus, Nauener Platte, die Zauche, Teltow, Beeskower Platte, Lieberoser Platte and small plates called Ländchen (Bellin, Glin or Glien). The lowlands of the glacial valleys include the Upper Rhinluch and the Oderbruch (in the Thorn-Eberswalder glacial valley), the Lower Rhinluch and the Havelländische Luch (in the Warsaw-Berlin glacial valley) and the Spreewald (in the Glogau-Baruther glacial valley). The Lower Oder Valley and the protected areas on the Polish side form a common national park.

The young moraine area is joined to the southwest and south by the low-lake old moraine area. These include the old moraine area of ​​Hagenow, the old moraine plate of the Prignitz, the southern ridge, which extends east of the Lüneburg Heath over the Altmark with the Colbitz-Letzlinger Heide, the Fläming and the Lausitz border wall to the Lausitzer Neisse, as well as the Breslau-Magdeburg glacial valley with the largest German alluvial forest area in the area of ​​the Middle Elbe Biosphere Reserve. To the south, the old moraine area closes between Saale and Neisse with the elevations of the Dübener Heide (191 m) and Dahlener Heide (215 m) as well as the Oberlausitzer Heideland.

In front of the low mountain range there is a 20–80 km wide loess belt in which fertile black earth and black earth-like soils (Börde) developed. The fertile Bördenzone in West Germany includes the Jülich and Zülpicher Börde, the Hellwegbörde and the Lower Saxony Börden between Hanover and Helmstedt. In East Germany, it follows the Magdeburg region, northeastern and eastern Harz mountains, Köthener level, Querfurter black soil area that Altenburg Zeitz loess hill country, the middle Saxon hill country, the Oschatzer, Lommatzscher and Großenhainer care, the south side of the Dresdner Elbtalweitung and the Lausitzer realms with the Monastery care.