Vintage style cardigans are an essential piece in any wardrobe, offering timeless elegance, versatility, and warmth. Whether worn over a blouse, paired with a dress, or simply thrown on for a casual day, cardigans can elevate an outfit while providing comfort. From the iconic button-up designs of the mid-20th century to the chunky knits of the 1970s, vintage cardigans have remained a classic choice for fashion-conscious individuals.
The History of Vintage Style Cardigans
Cardigans have evolved significantly over the years, with their roots tracing back to the early 19th century. Their popularity has ebbed and flowed with the changing tides of fashion, but their status as a versatile, chic garment has remained constant. Understanding the history of vintage cardigans can help contextualize their enduring appeal.
Early Origins of the Cardigan
The cardigan, named after James Brudenell, the 7th Earl of Cardigan, originated in the early 19th century. Lord Cardigan, a British military officer, is said to have worn a knitted wool vest during the Crimean War to keep warm during the harsh winters. The design was simple: a knitted garment with buttons down the front. While Lord Cardigan’s original garment wasn’t quite the cardigan we know today, it laid the foundation for the development of this beloved garment.
In the following decades, cardigans began to evolve from a functional military garment to a piece of fashion, especially for women. By the late 19th and early 20th centuries, cardigans became an essential part of women’s wardrobes, often worn as part of a layered ensemble for warmth or as a stylish addition to dresses and blouses.
The Golden Age of Cardigans (1940s–1960s)
The cardigan experienced its golden age in the mid-20th century, particularly in the 1940s and 1950s, when the garment became synonymous with feminine elegance and sophistication. During this period, cardigans were often made from fine wool and featured delicate patterns or ribbing, with some designs incorporating small buttons or elaborate necklines.
Actresses like Marilyn Monroe and Grace Kelly popularized cardigans in their everyday looks, wearing them as part of chic, polished outfits. Cardigans in this era were often paired with pencil skirts, blouses, and dresses, offering both style and comfort for the modern woman. The classic button-up cardigan became a symbol of mid-century fashion, epitomizing a ladylike and refined aesthetic.
The 1970s and 1980s: Casual and Chunky
In the 1970s, the cardigan experienced a shift in style. As fashion became more relaxed and laid-back, cardigans began to reflect the bohemian and earthy vibes of the era. Chunkier knitted cardigans, often made from thick yarns and oversized designs, became popular. These cardigans were typically worn in casual settings and became a staple of the hippie movement, where comfort and individuality were highly valued.
By the 1980s, cardigans had become a popular layering piece for both casual and business attire. The 1980s saw a resurgence of the classic cardigan as designers embraced bold, oversized looks, with statement patterns, textured knits, and modern interpretations of vintage styles. The oversized cardigan became a symbol of cozy comfort and relaxed elegance.
Types of Vintage Style Cardigans
Vintage cardigans come in a wide variety of styles and designs, each reflecting the trends and influences of the era. Whether you’re drawn to the sleek button-up cardigans of the 1950s or the cozy, oversized styles of the 1970s, there’s a vintage cardigan to suit every taste.
Button-Up Cardigans
Button-up cardigans are the most classic and versatile type of cardigan, often characterized by their simple, practical design. These cardigans can be worn as outerwear, as a layering piece over a dress, or as part of a professional outfit.
1940s–1950s Button-Up Cardigans
In the mid-20th century, the button-up cardigan was a key wardrobe staple for women, often worn with pencil skirts, blouses, or dresses. These cardigans were typically made from fine wool and featured small, delicate buttons. In the 1940s and 1950s, button-up cardigans often had fitted silhouettes, with narrow sleeves and ribbed edges to create a neat, streamlined look. The most iconic button-up cardigans from this era were often worn with tailored outfits, offering a sophisticated and polished finish.
1960s Mod Cardigans
The 1960s brought a modern twist to the classic button-up cardigan. With the rise of the Mod movement, cardigans became more fitted and streamlined, often paired with miniskirts or dresses for a youthful, edgy look. The designs were typically minimalistic, with simple, clean lines and shorter lengths. Some cardigans of this period featured bold colors, geometric patterns, or even stripes, reflecting the energetic and youthful spirit of the era.
Open Front Cardigans
Open-front cardigans are another vintage style that became widely popular in the 1970s. These cardigans do not have buttons or closures, offering a more relaxed and fluid silhouette. Open-front cardigans are often worn as lightweight outerwear or layering pieces, offering comfort and style without the constraints of a buttoned design.
1970s Boho-Inspired Open Front Cardigans
The 1970s saw a rise in bohemian fashion, and open-front cardigans became a key part of this laid-back, free-spirited aesthetic. These cardigans were often made from thick, textured yarns like wool or cotton and featured oversized, draping designs. Crochet and knit patterns were common, with fringe and tassels adding a fun, boho flair. These open-front cardigans were typically paired with flowy skirts or bell-bottom jeans, making them perfect for casual, everyday wear.
Cropped Cardigans
Cropped cardigans are another vintage style that has made a comeback in recent years. These shorter cardigans hit just above the waist and offer a more fitted, tailored look. They were particularly popular in the 1950s and 1960s, when they were often worn as part of feminine, sophisticated outfits.
1950s–1960s Cropped Cardigans
In the 1950s, cropped cardigans became a popular way to add warmth to dresses and blouses without overpowering the overall outfit. These cardigans typically featured a fitted silhouette, often made from fine wool or cashmere, and were designed to highlight the waist. Cropped cardigans were often paired with high-waisted skirts or dresses, creating a balanced, elegant look. These cardigans were typically buttoned up the front, with some featuring decorative elements like bows, buttons, or lace trim.
1990s Cropped Cardigans
In the 1990s, cropped cardigans were reinvented as part of the casual grunge aesthetic. These cardigans were often made from soft, knit materials and were typically worn open over simple t-shirts or tank tops. This style of cardigan was more relaxed and casual, reflecting the laid-back, anti-fashion attitude of the era. The 1990s cropped cardigan often featured simple, functional buttons or no buttons at all, offering a versatile piece for layering over various outfits.
Long Cardigans
According to VintageQQ, long cardigans are another vintage style that has remained popular across multiple decades. These cardigans are typically made from lightweight, flowing materials and extend down to the knee or lower. Long cardigans offer a more dramatic, sophisticated look and can be styled in both casual and formal settings.
1960s–1970s Long Cardigans
In the 1960s and 1970s, long cardigans became a key element of both casual and professional wardrobes. These cardigans were often made from wool, cashmere, or cotton and featured an open front or button closure. Long cardigans were worn with dresses, skirts, or pants, offering a cozy yet stylish option for cooler weather. In the 1970s, long cardigans were often worn with bell-bottom jeans or maxi skirts for a bohemian look.
1980s Oversized Long Cardigans
In the 1980s, oversized long cardigans became fashionable, often paired with leggings, jeans, or skirts for a cozy yet fashionable outfit. These cardigans were typically made from thick knit fabrics, with bulky designs and oversized sleeves. The 1980s long cardigan was often worn as a statement piece, with bold patterns, colors, and textures.
Materials Used in Vintage Style Cardigans
The materials used to make vintage-style cardigans play a significant role in their appearance, texture, and overall quality. Over the years, different fibers and yarns have been used to create unique vintage cardigans, each reflecting the aesthetic of the time.
Wool
Wool has been a staple material for cardigans for centuries, prized for its warmth, softness, and durability. Vintage wool cardigans, especially those from the 1940s and 1950s, are known for their fine, lightweight textures. Wool is perfect for colder months, offering a warm, insulating layer without being overly heavy.
Merino Wool
Merino wool is a finer, softer variety of wool that became popular in the mid-20th century, particularly for knitwear and cardigans. Merino wool is highly breathable, lightweight, and soft against the skin, making it an ideal choice for vintage-style cardigans. Merino wool cardigans were particularly common in the 1950s and 1960s, often crafted into delicate, lightweight pieces that could be worn comfortably all day.
Cashmere
Cashmere, known for its luxurious feel and softness, was widely used in vintage cardigans, particularly in the 1950s and 1960s. Cashmere cardigans are known for their sophisticated and elegant appearance, offering a refined, classic look. These cardigans were often lightweight yet warm, making them ideal for layering over dresses or blouses.
Cotton
Cotton cardigans were more common in the 1970s and 1980s, offering a lighter, breathable alternative to wool. Cotton cardigans are soft, comfortable, and versatile, making them perfect for everyday wear. Vintage cotton cardigans often feature simple knit patterns and are easy to care for, making them a go-to choice for casual, laid-back looks.
Synthetic Fibers
In the 1970s and 1980s, synthetic fibers like acrylic and polyester became popular alternatives to natural materials. These fibers allowed for cheaper production and offered a variety of colors and textures. Vintage synthetic cardigans from these decades are often characterized by their vibrant hues and unique, textured designs, making them a fun addition to any wardrobe.
How to Style Vintage Style Cardigans
Vintage cardigans can be styled in many ways, from casual daywear to elegant evening outfits. The key to styling vintage cardigans is to embrace the timeless appeal of the piece while incorporating modern elements for a fresh, contemporary look.
Pairing with Dresses and Skirts
One of the most classic ways to wear a vintage cardigan is to pair it with dresses or skirts. A cropped cardigan worn over a high-waisted pencil skirt or midi dress creates a feminine, sophisticated look. For a vintage-inspired outfit, consider pairing a 1950s-style cardigan with a tea-length skirt for an elegant, retro look. A long cardigan, on the other hand, can add a dramatic touch to a maxi dress, offering a cozy, layered effect.
Layering Over T-shirts or Tops
Vintage cardigans also work well with casual outfits, particularly when layered over simple t-shirts or tops. For a chic and comfortable look, pair a 1970s-style open-front cardigan with a fitted t-shirt and jeans. You can create a modern vintage outfit by adding accessories like scarves or vintage pins to the cardigan.
Wearing with Pants
Cardigans are versatile enough to be worn with trousers or jeans for both formal and casual looks. For a stylish office look, pair a fitted 1950s-style cardigan with tailored trousers. Alternatively, a chunky 1970s-style cardigan can be worn over wide-leg or flared pants for a laid-back, bohemian aesthetic.
Caring for Vintage Style Cardigans
To preserve the quality and appearance of vintage cardigans, proper care is essential. Depending on the material, cardigans may require special cleaning methods or storage techniques to keep them in pristine condition.
Washing and Cleaning
Many vintage cardigans, especially those made from wool, cashmere, or cotton, require delicate care. Always check the care label for washing instructions. Hand-washing with mild detergent is often recommended for delicate fibers, while machine washing should be done with caution, using a gentle cycle. Dry cleaning is usually the best option for cardigans made from luxurious materials like cashmere or silk.
Storing Vintage Cardigans
When storing vintage cardigans, it’s important to keep them in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, which can cause fading. For wool and cashmere cardigans, consider storing them in garment bags to prevent moth damage. Use padded hangers for cardigans with delicate fabric, and avoid hanging chunky knit cardigans, as they may lose their shape. For long-term storage, fold the cardigan neatly and place it in an acid-free box.
Repair and Restoration
If a vintage cardigan shows signs of wear, such as loose threads or small holes, it’s worth having it repaired by a professional. Many vintage knitwear specialists can restore a cardigan’s structure and appearance. Be gentle when repairing vintage cardigans yourself, as delicate fibers like cashmere and wool can tear easily.
Vintage style cardigans offer timeless appeal, combining warmth, comfort, and sophistication. With their rich history and endless versatility, vintage cardigans can be incorporated into a modern wardrobe to create stylish, unique outfits. Whether you’re drawn to the classic button-up styles of the 1950s or the relaxed, bohemian cardigans of the 1970s, there’s a vintage cardigan for every occasion. By understanding their history, materials, and care, you can keep your vintage cardigans in excellent condition for years to come.